论文标题
代谢缩放受动物的网络以及植物中的液压电导和光合作用的控制
Metabolic scaling is governed by Murray's network in animals and by hydraulic conductance and photosynthesis in plants
论文作者
论文摘要
代谢缩放的流行理论基于区域保存，填充空间的分形血管网络。但是，从理论和实验上都知道动物的血管系统服从默里的立方分支定律。区域保存的分支与能量最小化的冲突，因此是工作最小的原则。此外，虽然kleiber定律是动物和植物的主要规则，但观察到小动物遵循2/3驱动的法律，大动物具有大于3/4尺度的指数，而小型植物具有近乎线性的缩放缩放行为。没有知名理论解释所有观察。在这里，我表明动物的新陈代谢取决于穆雷的血管系统。对于植物，缩放由树干的液压电导和叶子的光合作用确定。这两种分析都与各种身体大小的数据一致。动物的鳞片具有凹形曲率，而植物具有凸的曲率。经验能力定律是选定质量范围内的近似值。通常，3/4-Power法律适用于约15 g至10,000 kg的动物以及2/3-Power法律对〜1 g至10 kg的动物定律。对于植物，小植物的缩放指数为1，大于约10千克的植物降低至3/4。
The prevailing theory for metabolic scaling is based on area-preserved, space-filling fractal vascular networks. However, it's known both theoretically and experimentally that animals' vascular systems obey Murray's cubic branching law. Area-preserved branching conflicts with energy minimization and hence the least-work principle. Additionally, while Kleiber's law is the dominant rule for both animals and plants, small animals are observed to follow the 2/3-power law, large animals have larger than 3/4 scaling exponents, and small plants have near-linear scaling behaviors. No known theory explains all the observations. Here, I show that animals' metabolism is determined by their Murray's vascular systems. For plants, the scaling is determined by the trunks' hydraulic conductance and the leaves' photosynthesis. Both analyses agree with data of various body sizes. Animals' scaling has a concave curvature while plants have a convex one. The empirical power laws are approximations within selected mass ranges. Generally, the 3/4-power law applies to animals of ~15 g to 10,000 kg and the 2/3-power law to those of ~1 g to 10 kg. For plants, the scaling exponent is 1 for small plants and decreases to 3/4 for those greater than ~10 kg.
