论文标题
Himawari-8气象卫星看到的Betelgeuse的巨大变暗
The Great Dimming of Betelgeuse seen by the Himawari-8 meteorological satellite
论文作者
论文摘要
Betelgeuse是研究最多的红色超级巨星之一，在2019年底至2020年初之间，光学中的〜1.2 Mag在光学中昏暗，达到了一个历史最低限度，称为“大调”。由于迄今为止的巨大观察努力，仍然存在两个假设，可以解释昏暗的：有效温度的降低，并增强了由新产生的偶然性灰尘引起的灭绝。但是，缺乏多波长监测观测值，尤其是在可以检测到偶尔灰尘排放的中部红外线，这使我们无法密切研究这些假设。在这里，我们在2017 - 2021年之间在0.45-13.5微米波长范围内提出了4。5年，16频段的光度法，利用了Himawari-8地静止气象卫星拍摄的图像。通过检查光学和近红外光曲线，我们表明，有效温度降低和灰尘灭绝的增加可能造成了几乎相同数量的大型变暗。此外，使用中红外光曲线，我们发现增强的折叠灭绝实际上有助于调光。因此，Betelgeuse的调度事件为我们提供了检查负责红色超级群体质量损失的机制的机会，这影响了大型恒星的命运。
Betelgeuse, one of the most studied red supergiant stars, dimmed in the optical by ~1.2 mag between late 2019 and early 2020, reaching an historical minimum called "the Great Dimming." Thanks to enormous observational effort to date, two hypotheses remain that can explain the Dimming: a decrease in the effective temperature and an enhancement of the extinction caused by newly produced circumstellar dust. However, the lack of multi-wavelength monitoring observations, especially in the mid infrared where emission from circumstellar dust can be detected, has prevented us from closely examining these hypotheses. Here we present 4.5-year, 16-band photometry of Betelgeuse between 2017-2021 in the 0.45-13.5 micron wavelength range making use of images taken by the Himawari-8 geostationary meteorological satellite. By examining the optical and near-infrared light curves, we show that both a decreased effective temperature and increased dust extinction may have contributed by almost the same amount to the Great Dimming. Moreover, using the mid-infrared light curves, we find that the enhanced circumstellar extinction actually contributed to the Dimming. Thus, the Dimming event of Betelgeuse provides us an opportunity to examine the mechanism responsible for the mass loss of red supergiants, which affects the fate of massive stars as supernovae.
