论文标题
具有较高曲率术语的重力理论中霍金蒸发的命运是什么？
What is the fate of Hawking evaporation in gravity theories with higher curvature terms?
论文作者
论文摘要
在黑洞蒸发的最后阶段，紫外线与一般相对论的偏差最终变得戏剧化，可能会影响末端状态。我们通过在Einstein-Dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet重力中对波数据包进行非线性模拟来探讨这个问题，这是唯一具有二次曲率项的重力理论，可以在完全非驾驶水平上进行研究。该理论中的黑洞具有最小的质量，但温度也不呈变化。这提出了一个难题，即在存在高侵蚀性非扰动效应的情况下，霍金蒸发的最终命运。通过使用辅助幻影场在经典水平上蒸发引起的质量损失，我们研究了超过最小质量的黑洞的非线性演化。我们观察到地平线的失控收缩（通常在一般相对论中禁止的非逆转效应），最终揭示了高呈性椭圆形区域。尽管这可能暗示形成裸露的奇异性（因此违反了弱宇宙审查制度）或病理时空区域的形成，但在该理论中，可能需要对初始值问题的不同数值表述，以排除其他可能性，包括从关键的黑洞向稳定的水平恢复无含量的过渡。我们的研究在信息损失悖论，深色遗物以及对微观原始黑洞的限制的背景下是相关的。
During the final stages of black hole evaporation, ultraviolet deviations from General Relativity eventually become dramatic, potentially affecting the end-state. We explore this problem by performing nonlinear simulations of wave packets in Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, the only gravity theory with quadratic curvature terms which can be studied at fully nonperturbative level. Black holes in this theory have a minimum mass but also a nonvanishing temperature. This poses a puzzle concerning the final fate of Hawking evaporation in the presence of high-curvature nonperturbative effects. By simulating the mass loss induced by evaporation at the classical level using an auxiliary phantom field, we study the nonlinear evolution of black holes past the minimum mass. We observe a runaway shrink of the horizon (a nonperturbative effect forbidden in General Relativity) which eventually unveils a high-curvature elliptic region. While this might hint to the formation of a naked singularity (and hence to a violation of the weak cosmic censorship) or of a pathological spacetime region, a different numerical formulation of the initial-value problem in this theory might be required to rule out other possibilities, including the transition from the critical black hole to a stable horizonless remnant. Our study is relevant in the context of the information-loss paradox, dark-matter remnants, and for constraints on microscopic primordial black holes.
