论文标题
智能电网：网络攻击，关键防御方法和数字双胞胎
Smart Grid: Cyber Attacks, Critical Defense Approaches, and Digital Twin
论文作者
论文摘要
作为国家关键基础设施，智能电网因其网络安全问题引起了广泛关注。朝着智能，数字和互联网连接的智能电网的发展吸引了外部对手进行恶意活动。有必要通过改进现有的防御方法以及将新颖的开发技术引入智能电网环境来增强其网络安全。作为一种新兴技术，数字双胞胎（DT）被视为增强安全性的推动者。但是，实际实施非常具有挑战性。这是由于智能网格设计师，安全专家和DT开发人员之间的知识障碍所致。每个域都是一个复杂的系统，涵盖了各种组件和技术。结果，需要工作来整理相关内容，以便将DT更好地嵌入智能电网的安全体系结构设计中。 为了满足这一需求，我们的论文涵盖了上述三个领域，即智能电网，网络安全和DT。具体而言，论文i）介绍了智能电网的背景； ii）审查攻击事件和攻击方法的外部网络攻击； iii）引入了工业网络系统中的关键防御方法，其中包括设备识别，漏洞发现，入侵检测系统（IDSS），蜜饯，归因和威胁智能（TI）； iv）回顾DT的相关内容，包括其基本概念，智能电网中的应用程序以及DT如何增强安全性。最后，本文提出了我们对基于DT的智能电网未来开发的安全考虑。该调查有望帮助开发人员打破智能电网，网络安全和DT之间的知识障碍，并为基于DT的智能电网的未来安全设计提供指南。
As a national critical infrastructure, the smart grid has attracted widespread attention for its cybersecurity issues. The development towards an intelligent, digital, and Internet-connected smart grid has attracted external adversaries for malicious activities. It is necessary to enhance its cybersecurity by both improving the existing defense approaches and introducing novel developed technologies to the smart grid context. As an emerging technology, digital twin (DT) is considered as an enabler for enhanced security. However, the practical implementation is quite challenging. This is due to the knowledge barriers among smart grid designers, security experts, and DT developers. Each single domain is a complicated system covering various components and technologies. As a result, works are needed to sort out relevant contents so that DT can be better embedded in the security architecture design of smart grid. In order to meet this demand, our paper covers the above three domains, i.e., smart grid, cybersecurity, and DT. Specifically, the paper i) introduces the background of the smart grid; ii) reviews external cyber attacks from attack incidents and attack methods; iii) introduces critical defense approaches in industrial cyber systems, which include device identification, vulnerability discovery, intrusion detection systems (IDSs), honeypots, attribution, and threat intelligence (TI); iv) reviews the relevant content of DT, including its basic concepts, applications in the smart grid, and how DT enhances the security. In the end, the paper puts forward our security considerations on the future development of DT-based smart grid. The survey is expected to help developers break knowledge barriers among smart grid, cybersecurity, and DT, and provide guidelines for future security design of DT-based smart grid.
