论文标题
数值“精确”量子carnot循环的模拟：使用热力学工作图进行分析
Numerically "exact" simulations of a quantum Carnot cycle: Analysis using thermodynamic work diagrams
论文作者
论文摘要
我们根据开放量子动力学理论研究了量子卡诺发动机的效率。该模型包括用于控制等温和等凝过程的子系统的时间相关外部字段，以及控制这些过程之间过渡的系统 - 浴（SB）相互作用。数值模拟是在不同循环频率下使用这些磁场下的运动层次方程的非扰动和非马克维亚SB耦合方程式进行的。严格评估了应用于总系统和与浴缸的热交换的工作。此外，通过将准静态工作作为自由能，我们首次使用热力学工作图来计算量子热力学变量并分析仿真结果。对这些图的分析表明，在强大的SB耦合区域中，SB相互作用的字段是主要工作来源，而在其他地区，子系统的领域是工作来源。我们发现，在准静态情况下达到的最大效率是实现的，并且仅由浴缸温度决定，而不论SB耦合强度如何，这是Carnot定理的数值表现。
We investigate the efficiency of a quantum Carnot engine based on open quantum dynamics theory. The model includes time-dependent external fields for the subsystems controlling the isothermal and isentropic processes and for the system--bath (SB) interactions controlling the transition between these processes. Numerical simulations are conducted in a nonperturbative and non-Markovian SB coupling regime using the hierarchical equations of motion under these fields at different cycle frequencies. The work applied to the total system and the heat exchanged with the baths are rigorously evaluated. In addition, by regarding quasi-static work as free energy, we compute the quantum thermodynamic variables and analyze the simulation results using thermodynamic work diagrams for the first time. Analysis of these diagrams indicates that, in the strong SB coupling region, the fields for the SB interactions are major sources of work, while in other regions, the field for the subsystem is a source of work. We find that the maximum efficiency is achieved in the quasi-static case and is determined solely by the bath temperatures, regardless of the SB coupling strength, which is a numerical manifestation of Carnot's theorem.
