论文标题
在弱离子的超冷等离子体中有效质量成核的机制
Mechanism for the efficient homogeneous nucleation of ice in a weakly-ionized, ultra-cold plasma
论文作者
论文摘要
有人提出，在冷，弱离子化的血浆中，冰尘的快速观察到的均匀成核取决于影响水分子的快速电子的形成（OH $^ - $）。这些OH $^{ - } $离子吸引了中性水分子，因为水分子的高偶极力矩以及形式的水合物（OH）$^{ - } $（H $ _ {2} $ o）$ _ {n} $。水合在寒冷的环境中不断生长，成为宏观的冰粒。由于电子撞击而导致这些冰晶片充电，因此继续吸引水分子。由于氢氧化物是一种负离子，与阳性离子不同，因此与等离子体电子碰撞不会遭受重组损失。与阳性离子的重组是最小的，因为正离子数量很少（电离弱），并且由于与冷背景气体的热平衡而导致缓慢移动。
It is proposed that the rapid observed homogeneous nucleation of ice dust in a cold, weakly-ionized plasma depends on the formation of hydroxide (OH$^-$) by fast electrons impacting water molecules. These OH$^{-}$ ions attract neutral water molecules because of the high dipole moment of the water molecules and so hydrates of the form (OH)$^{-}$(H$_{2}$O)$_{n}$ are formed. The hydrates continuously grow in the cold environment to become macroscopic ice grains. These ice grains are negatively charged as a result of electron impact and so continue to attract water molecules. Because hydroxide is a negative ion, unlike positive ions it does not suffer recombination loss from collision with plasma electrons. Recombination with positive ions is minimal because positive ions are few in number (weak ionization) and slow-moving as result of being in thermal equilibrium with the cold background gas.
