论文标题

NISQ计算机上的量子链球

Quantum Telecloning on NISQ Computers

论文作者

Pelofske, Elijah, Bärtschi, Andreas, Garcia, Bryan, Kiefer, Boris, Eidenbenz, Stephan

论文摘要

由于无关定理,因此无法生成任意未知量子状​​态的完美量子克隆,但是可以构建近似量子克隆。量子链球化是一种源自量子传送和量子克隆的组合的协议。在这里,我们在这里提出$ 1 \ rightarrow 2 $和$ 1 \ rightarrow 3 $量子telecloning电路,有或没有Ancilla,这些电路在理论上是最佳的(这意味着克隆具有量子力学允许的最高忠诚度),通用(意味着克隆的忠诚度是独立于态度的)和对称性的(含义相同的fidelity)。我们在Gate Model IBMQ和NISINUUM NISQ硬件上实现了这些电路,并使用并行的单量子态层造影量量化了Clone保真度。使用经典的前馈控制(即实时if语句)使用中路测量的量子触发量,在Quantinuum H1-2设备上显示。在IBMQ \ _-Montreal上证明了量子链球,递延测量和后选择的两种替代实现,如果没有语句,则具有实时的中路测量值。我们的结果表明,NISQ设备可以实现近乎最佳的量子触发性。例如,在没有Ancilla的情况下运行链球电路的Quantinuum H1-2设备的平均克隆保真度为$ 0.824 $,两个克隆电路的标准偏差为$ 0.024 $,三个克隆电路的标准偏差为$ 0.022 $。两个克隆的理论保真度限制为$ 0.8 \ edline {3} $,三个克隆的$ 0。\ edline {7} $。这证明了对NISQ计算机上量子信息网络和量子加密协议的实验分析的可行性。

Due to the no-cloning theorem, generating perfect quantum clones of an arbitrary unknown quantum state is not possible, however approximate quantum clones can be constructed. Quantum telecloning is a protocol that originates from a combination of quantum teleportation and quantum cloning. Here we present $1 \rightarrow 2$ and $1 \rightarrow 3$ quantum telecloning circuits, with and without ancilla, that are theoretically optimal (meaning the clones have the highest fidelity allowed by quantum mechanics), universal (meaning the clone fidelity is independent of the state being cloned), and symmetric (meaning the clones all have the same fidelity). We implement these circuits on gate model IBMQ and Quantinuum NISQ hardware and quantify the clone fidelities using parallel single qubit state tomography. Quantum telecloning using mid-circuit measurement with classical feed-forward control (i.e. real time if statements) is demonstrated on the Quantinuum H1-2 device. Two alternative implementations of quantum telecloning, deferred measurement and post selection, are demonstrated on ibmq\_montreal, where mid-circuit measurements with real time if statements are not available. Our results show that NISQ devices can achieve near-optimal quantum telecloning fidelity; for example the Quantinuum H1-2 device running the telecloning circuits without ancilla achieved a mean clone fidelity of $0.824$ with standard deviation of $0.024$ for two clone circuits and $0.765$ with standard deviation of $0.022$ for three clone circuits. The theoretical fidelity limits are $0.8\overline{3}$ for two clones and $0.\overline{7}$ for three clones. This demonstrates the viability of performing experimental analysis of quantum information networks and quantum cryptography protocols on NISQ computers.

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