论文标题
具有量子优势的错误和定量量子模拟的传播
Propagation of errors and quantitative quantum simulation with quantum advantage
论文作者
论文摘要
用于量子计算和仿真的硬件的快速开发导致对这些设备可以超过现有经典计算机和已知方法功能的问题引起了极大的兴趣。解决此问题以外的问题不仅仅是测试量子设备的性能,这是一个重要的步骤,对多体淬灭动力学的量子模拟是早期实用量子优势的最有希望的候选者之一。我们分析了定量可靠的量子模拟的要求,超出了现有的经典方法的模拟量子模拟器的能力,该模拟器具有光学晶格中中性原子和被困离子的中性原子。考虑到模拟设备中的主要误差源,以及它们在研究哈伯德或远程横向场模型中如何传播,我们确定了从实验中提取的数量中预期的误差水平。我们得出的结论是直接实施的模型,在当前的模拟模拟器实验中实现了实用量子优势的制度。我们还确定了硬件要求,以达到同一级别的准确性,并通过未来的耐故障数字量子模拟。验证技术已经可以用于测试我们在这里做出的假设,并且在实验中证明这些假设将是下一步的重要性。
The rapid development in hardware for quantum computing and simulation has led to much interest in problems where these devices can exceed the capabilities of existing classical computers and known methods. Approaching this for problems that go beyond testing the performance of a quantum device is an important step, and quantum simulation of many-body quench dynamics is one of the most promising candidates for early practical quantum advantage. We analyse the requirements for quantitatively reliable quantum simulation beyond the capabilities of existing classical methods for analogue quantum simulators with neutral atoms in optical lattices and trapped ions. Considering the primary sources of error in analogue devices and how they propagate after a quench in studies of the Hubbard or long-range transverse field Ising model, we identify the level of error expected in quantities we extract from experiments. We conclude for models that are directly implementable that regimes of practical quantum advantage are attained in current experiments with analogue simulators. We also identify the hardware requirements to reach the same level of accuracy with future fault-tolerant digital quantum simulation. Verification techniques are already available to test the assumptions we make here, and demonstrating these in experiments will be an important next step.