论文标题

束缚和征税多维技能

Bunching and Taxing Multidimensional Skills

论文作者

Boerma, Job, Tsyvinski, Aleh, Zimin, Alexander P.

论文摘要

我们在具有束缚的多维非线性税收模型中表征了最佳策略。我们开发了一种具有认知和手动技能,牢固异质性和劳动力市场分类的经验相关模型。我们首先得出了两个考虑到束缚的税收最佳性的条件。第一个条件$ - $ a随机优势最佳税收条件$ - $ - 最佳的收益时间表以二阶随机优势来占主导地位的扭曲时间表。第二个条件$ - $ $全球最佳税收配方$ - $提供了一种代表,可以平衡当地成本和最佳税收的收益,同时明确考虑全球激励限制。其次,我们使用Legendre转换来表示我们的问题作为线性程序。这种线性化使我们能够定量求解模型并精确地表征束。最佳的是,有10%的工人被束缚。我们介绍了两个构成$ $ blunt束和目标束的概念。 Blunt Bunching占所有束缚的30%,发生在最低的认知和手动技能区域,并将这些工人的分配结合起来,导致了严重的失真。目标束占所有束的70%,并认识到工人的比较优势。策划者将工人的主要技能分开,并将他们束缚在较弱的技能上,从而减轻沿着主要技能维度的扭曲。

We characterize optimal policy in a multidimensional nonlinear taxation model with bunching. We develop an empirically relevant model with cognitive and manual skills, firm heterogeneity, and labor market sorting. We first derive two conditions for the optimality of taxes that take into account bunching. The first condition $-$ a stochastic dominance optimal tax condition $-$ shows that at the optimum the schedule of benefits dominates the schedule of distortions in terms of second-order stochastic dominance. The second condition $-$ a global optimal tax formula $-$ provides a representation that balances the local costs and benefits of optimal taxation while explicitly accounting for global incentive constraints. Second, we use Legendre transformations to represent our problem as a linear program. This linearization allows us to solve the model quantitatively and to precisely characterize bunching. At an optimum, 10 percent of workers is bunched. We introduce two notions of bunching $-$ blunt bunching and targeted bunching. Blunt bunching constitutes 30 percent of all bunching, occurs at the lowest regions of cognitive and manual skills, and lumps the allocations of these workers resulting in a significant distortion. Targeted bunching constitutes 70 percent of all bunching and recognizes the workers' comparative advantage. The planner separates workers on their dominant skill and bunches them on their weaker skill, thus mitigating distortions along the dominant skill dimension.

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