论文标题

研究基于图的协作过滤的准确性绩效

Investigating Accuracy-Novelty Performance for Graph-based Collaborative Filtering

论文作者

Zhao, Minghao, Wu, Le, Liang, Yile, Chen, Lei, Zhang, Jian, Deng, Qilin, Wang, Kai, Shen, Xudong, Lv, Tangjie, Wu, Runze

论文摘要

最近几年见证了推荐系统基于图基的协作过滤(CF)模型的出色准确性。通过将用户项目的交互行为作为图形,这些基于图的CF模型借用了图神经网络(GNN)的成功,并迭代地执行邻里聚合以传播协作信号。虽然传统的CF模型以面对有利于流行项目的受欢迎程度偏见的挑战而闻名,但人们可能会想知道“现有的基于图的CF模型是否减轻或加剧了推荐系统的流行性偏见?”为了回答这个问题,我们首先研究了W.R.T.的两倍性能现有基于图的CF方法的准确性和新颖性。经验结果表明,大多数现有基于图的CF模型采用的对称邻域聚集加剧了受欢迎程度的偏见,并且随着图形传播深度的增加,这种现象变得更加严重。此外,我们从理论上分析了基于图的CF的受欢迎程度偏差的原因。然后,我们提出了一个简单而有效的插件,即R-Adjnorm,以通过控制邻里聚合过程中的归一化强度来实现精确的折衷。同时,无需其他计算即可将R-Adjnorm平滑地应用于现有的基于图的CF骨干。最后,三个基准数据集的实验结果表明,我们提出的方法可以改善新颖性,而无需在各种基于图的CF骨架下牺牲精度。

Recent years have witnessed the great accuracy performance of graph-based Collaborative Filtering (CF) models for recommender systems. By taking the user-item interaction behavior as a graph, these graph-based CF models borrow the success of Graph Neural Networks (GNN), and iteratively perform neighborhood aggregation to propagate the collaborative signals. While conventional CF models are known for facing the challenges of the popularity bias that favors popular items, one may wonder "Whether the existing graph-based CF models alleviate or exacerbate popularity bias of recommender systems?" To answer this question, we first investigate the two-fold performances w.r.t. accuracy and novelty for existing graph-based CF methods. The empirical results show that symmetric neighborhood aggregation adopted by most existing graph-based CF models exacerbate the popularity bias and this phenomenon becomes more serious as the depth of graph propagation increases. Further, we theoretically analyze the cause of popularity bias for graph-based CF. Then, we propose a simple yet effective plugin, namely r-AdjNorm, to achieve an accuracy-novelty trade-off by controlling the normalization strength in the neighborhood aggregation process. Meanwhile, r-AdjNorm can be smoothly applied to the existing graph-based CF backbones without additional computation. Finally, experimental results on three benchmark datasets show that our proposed method can improve novelty without sacrificing accuracy under various graph-based CF backbones.

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