论文标题
用两个梯级梯子的哈勃常数测量：三分之二不好
Measurements of the Hubble Constant with a Two Rung Distance Ladder: Two Out of Three Ain't Bad
论文作者
论文摘要
通过与几何测量相关的恒星距离校准IA型超新星的三个梯级梯子，提供了哈勃常数的最高精度直接测量。鉴于哈勃张力，重要的是要测试距离梯子的各个组件。为此，我们报告了由SH0ES团队测量的35个外层状头膜宿主的哈勃常数的测量，使用其距离和红移<3300 km /s，而不是任何更遥远的IA Supernovae型，以测量Hubble流量。头孢菌的距离以银河系为几何校准，NGC 4258和大型麦哲伦云。特殊的速度是z $ \ sim $ 0.01时系统不确定性的重要来源，我们为缓解和量化其效果提供了形式主义，利用了附近宇宙中密度和速度领域的外部重建。我们从关于该样本的选择标准（无论是距离还是红移限制）的不同假设中确定了一个重要的不确定性来源，因为它是在三十年内组装的。建模这些假设产生的中心值范围为H0 = 71.8至77.0 km/s/mpc。将四种最佳拟合选择模型组合起来产生H0 = 73.1（+2.6/-2.3）km/s/mpc作为基准结果，与普朗克的张力为2.6σ$张力。虽然IA型超新星对于精确测量H0是必不可少的，但这些超新星中未知的系统不可能成为哈勃张力的来源
The three rung distance ladder, which calibrates Type Ia supernovae through stellar distances linked to geometric measurements, provides the highest precision direct measurement of the Hubble constant. In light of the Hubble tension, it is important to test the individual components of the distance ladder. For this purpose, we report a measurement of the Hubble constant from 35 extragalactic Cepheid hosts measured by the SH0ES team, using their distances and redshifts at cz < 3300 km /s , instead of any, more distant Type Ia supernovae, to measure the Hubble flow. The Cepheid distances are calibrated geometrically in the Milky Way, NGC 4258, and the Large Magellanic Cloud. Peculiar velocities are a significant source of systematic uncertainty at z $\sim$ 0.01, and we present a formalism for both mitigating and quantifying their effects, making use of external reconstructions of the density and velocity fields in the nearby universe. We identify a significant source of uncertainty originating from different assumptions about the selection criteria of this sample, whether distance or redshift limited, as it was assembled over three decades. Modeling these assumptions yields central values ranging from H0 = 71.8 to 77.0 km/s/Mpc. Combining the four best fitting selection models yields H0 = 73.1 (+2.6/-2.3) km/s/Mpc as a fiducial result, at $2.6σ$ tension with Planck. While Type Ia supernovae are essential for a precise measurement of H0, unknown systematics in these supernovae are unlikely to be the source of the Hubble tension
