论文标题
锥形毛细血管自发和强制吸收的热力学和流体力学：锥形液体二极管的理论研究
Thermodynamics and hydrodynamics of spontaneous and forced imbibition in conical capillaries: A theoretical study of conical liquid diode
论文作者
论文摘要
研究了自发性和强制吸收液体到锥形毛细血管中的热力学和流体力学，以评估锥形液体二极管的可行性。使用经典的热力学毛细血管模型得出了自发吸收开始的拉普拉斯压力的分析公式和毛细管毛细管的临界年轻人的接触角。自发吸收可能发生的临界接触角属于毛细管的亲水区域，半径为不同，而毛细管则属于毛细血管的疏水区域，毛细管的半径为capilly。因此，通过选择这两个临界接触角之间的Young的接触角，只有自发吸收朝向半径。因此，具有收敛半径的毛细管充当前进方向，而差异半径是二极管的反向方向。即使在外部施加的压力下，自由化的景观也意味着强制吸收仅通过调谐施加的压力而出现在向前方向上。此外，通过假设hagen-poiseuille稳定流量来得出含量的时间尺度的缩放规则。同样，与反向方向相比，向前方向的时间尺度是有利的，而当可能的两种方向可能。因此，我们的理论分析表明，圆锥形毛细管充当液体二极管。
Thermodynamics and hydrodynamics of spontaneous and forced imbibition of liquid into conical capillaries are studied to assess the feasibility of a conical liquid diode. The analytical formulas for the Laplace pressure and the critical Young's contact angle of the capillary for the onset of spontaneous imbibition are derived using the classical capillary model of thermodynamics. The critical contact angle below which the spontaneous imbibition can occur belongs to the hydrophilic region for the capillary with a diverging radius while it belongs to the hydrophobic region for the capillary with a converging radius. Thus, by choosing Young's contact angle between these two critical contact angles, only the spontaneous imbibition toward the converging radius occurs. Therefore, the capillary with a converging radius acts as the forward direction and that with a diverging radius as the reverse direction of diode. Even under the external applied pressure, the free-energy landscape implies that the forced imbibition occurs only to the forward direction by tuning the applied pressure. Furthermore, the scaling rule of the time scale of imbibition is derived by assuming Hagen-Poiseuille steady flow. Again, the time scale of the forward direction is advantageous compared to the reverse direction when the imbibition to both direction is possible. Therefore, our theoretical analysis shows that a conical capillary acts as a liquid diode.
