论文标题
未来几十年的量子模拟
The Coming Decades of Quantum Simulation
论文作者
论文摘要
当代量子技术在误差校正方面面临容错量子计算的主要困难,而将重点放在各种量子模拟(嘈杂的中等规模量子,NISQ)设备,模拟和数字量子模拟器和量子退火器上。对这样的系统有明确的需求和追求,而不必模拟某些物理系统的量子动力学,就可以产生巨大的,可控制的,健壮的,纠缠的,纠缠和叠加状态。特别是,这将允许控制矫正性,使这些状态用于量子通信(例如,以更安全,更快的方式实现信息有效传输),量子计量学,感应和诊断(例如,以精确测量光场的相位移位,或诊断量子材料)。在本章中,我们介绍了未来几十年中量子模拟器的黄金未来的愿景。
Contemporary quantum technologies face major difficulties in fault tolerant quantum computing with error correction, and focus instead on various shades of quantum simulation (Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum, NISQ) devices, analogue and digital quantum simulators and quantum annealers. There is a clear need and quest for such systems that, without necessarily simulating quantum dynamics of some physical systems, can generate massive, controllable, robust, entangled, and superposition states. This will, in particular, allow the control of decoherence, enabling the use of these states for quantum communications (e.g. to achieve efficient transfer of information in a safer and quicker way), quantum metrology, sensing and diagnostics (e.g. to precisely measure phase shifts of light fields, or to diagnose quantum materials). In this Chapter we present a vision of the golden future of quantum simulators in the decades to come.