论文标题
4D跟踪：现在的状态和观点
4D Tracking: Present Status and Perspective
论文作者
论文摘要
在过去的十年中，基于硅的精确计时探测器出现了用于带电粒子跟踪的。这种演变的根本原因是设计创新：低增益雪崩二极管（LGAD）。 LGAD设计的简单性是一个明显的一步，具有重要的后果：低增益导致大信号保持传感器稳定性和低噪声，从而使传感器分割。尽管出于不同的原因引入，但为了补偿辐照硅传感器中的电荷捕获，LGAD在基于硅的时正时探测器的设计中发现了肥沃的地面。由于这种设计创新的刺激，基于固态的电荷颗粒的定时探测器正在经历研发的强烈阶段，并且正在探索混合动力和整体传感器，无论有或没有内部增益。这项贡献提供了对这个蓬勃发展的领域的评论。
The past ten years have seen the advent of silicon-based precise timing detectors for charged particle tracking. The underlying reason for this evolution is a design innovation: the Low-Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD). In its simplicity, the LGAD design is an obvious step with momentous consequences: low gain leads to large signals maintaining sensors stability and low noise, allowing sensor segmentation. Albeit introduced for a different reason, to compensate for charge trapping in irradiated silicon sensors, LGAD found fertile ground in the design of silicon-based timing detectors. Spurred by this design innovation, solid-state-based timing detectors for charged particles are going through an intense phase of R&D, and hybrid and monolithic sensors, with or without internal gain, are being explored. This contribution offers a review of this booming field.
