论文标题
麦克斯韦物质波
Maxwell Matter Waves
论文作者
论文摘要
麦克斯韦物质波从一个角度出现，与de broglie的互补性出现，从根本上讲，这是一种波浪现象，其粒子方面由量子力学揭示出来。它们的量子机械描述是通过引入物质矢量电位（具有频率$ω_0$）的schrodinger方程来得出的。然后，麦克斯韦物质波被认为是物质波场单模的连贯激发。在经典制度中，他们的力学是由麦克斯韦方程的物质类似物捕获的电磁场。因此，麦克斯韦物质波启用具有有用的光学类似物的系统，例如谐振物质波 - 波干涉传感器和物质波参数振荡器。这些波与波长有关，该波长与驱动频率$ω_0$相关，而不是与大量粒子的能量相关联，而de broglie Matter Waves通常也是如此。结果，简单的干涉测量结果导致两种类型波的结果不同。尽管他们明显偏离了布罗格利角色令人惊讶，但麦克斯韦物质波完全与量子力学一致。
Maxwell matter waves emerge from a perspective, complementary to de Broglie's, that matter is fundamentally a wave phenomenon whose particle aspects are revealed by quantum mechanics. Their quantum mechanical description is derived through the introduction of a matter vector potential, having frequency $ω_0$, to Schrodinger's equation for a massive particle. Maxwell matter waves are then seen to be coherent excitations of a single-mode of the matter-wave field. In the classical regime, their mechanics is captured by a matter analog of Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic field. As such, Maxwell matter waves enable a spectrum of systems that have useful optical analogs, such as resonant matter-wave interferometric sensors and matter-wave parametric oscillators. These waves are associated with a wavelength that is tied to the drive frequency $ω_0$ rather than to the massive particle's energy, as is ordinarily the case with de Broglie matter waves. As a result, simple interferometric measurements lead to different outcomes for the two types of waves. While their apparent departure from de Broglie character is surprising, Maxwell matter waves are wholly consistent with quantum mechanics.
