论文标题
找到正确的位置：UWB的传感器放置在杂乱的室内环境中到达定位的时间差
Finding the Right Place: Sensor Placement for UWB Time Difference of Arrival Localization in Cluttered Indoor Environments
论文作者
论文摘要
超宽带（UWB）的到达（TDOA）定位的时间差最近已成为有希望的室内定位解决方案。但是，在混乱的环境中，UWB无线电位置和障碍物引起的非线（NLOS）测量偏见都显着影响位置估计的质量。因此，必须仔细设计UWB收音机的放置，以便为感兴趣的区域提供令人满意的定位精度。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种新颖的算法，该算法在存在障碍的情况下优化了UWB无线电位置的预定义区域。均方误差（MSE）度量用于制定优化问题，该问题平衡了无线电位置的几何形状和NLOS效应的影响。我们进一步应用提出的算法来计算所需定位精度及其相应位置所需的最小数量的UWB无线电数。在现实世界中的混乱环境中，我们显示设计的UWB无线电位置分别在2D和3D实验中分别降低了47％和76％的定位根平方误差（RMSE），而与琐碎的位置进行了比较。
Ultra-wideband (UWB) time difference of arrival (TDOA)-based localization has recently emerged as a promising indoor positioning solution. However, in cluttered environments, both the UWB radio positions and the obstacle-induced non-line-of-sight (NLOS) measurement biases significantly impact the quality of the position estimate. Consequently, the placement of the UWB radios must be carefully designed to provide satisfactory localization accuracy for a region of interest. In this work, we propose a novel algorithm that optimizes the UWB radio positions for a pre-defined region of interest in the presence of obstacles. The mean-squared error (MSE) metric is used to formulate an optimization problem that balances the influence of the geometry of the radio positions and the NLOS effects. We further apply the proposed algorithm to compute a minimal number of UWB radios required for a desired localization accuracy and their corresponding positions. In a real-world cluttered environment, we show that the designed UWB radio placements provide 47% and 76% localization root-mean-squared error (RMSE) reduction in 2D and 3D experiments, respectively, when compared against trivial placements.
