论文标题

与隐藏的朋友的近距离蓬松的海王星:TOI 620的谜

A close-in puffy Neptune with hidden friends: The enigma of TOI 620

论文作者

Reefe, Michael A., Luque, Rafael, Gaidos, Eric, Beard, Corey, Plavchan, Peter P., Cointepas, Marion, Cale, Bryson L., Palle, Enric, Parviainen, Hannu, Feliz, Dax L., Eastman, Jason, Stassun, Keivan, Gagné, Jonathan, Jenkins, Jon M., Boyd, Patricia T., Kidwell, Richard C., McDermott, Scott, Collins, Karen A., Fong, William, Guerrero, Natalia, Almenara-Villa, Jose-Manuel, Bean, Jacob, Beichman, Charles A., Berberian, John, Bieryla, Allyson, Bonfils, Xavier, Bouchy, François, Brady, Madison, Bryant, Edward M., Cacciapuoti, Luca, Cañas, Caleb I., Ciardi, David R., Collins, Kevin I., Crossfield, Ian, Dressing, Courtney D., Eigmueller, Philipp, Mufti, Mohammed El, Esparza-Borges, Emma, Fukui, Akihiko, Gao, Peter, Geneser, Claire, Gnilka, Crystal L., Gonzales, Erica, Gupta, Arvind F., Halverson, Sam, Hearty, Fred, Howell, Steve B., Irwin, Jonathan, Kanodia, Shubham, Kasper, David, Kodama, Takanori, Kostov, Veselin, Latham, David W., Lendl, Monika, Lin, Andrea, Livingston, John H., Lubin, Jack, Mahadevan, Suvrath, Matson, Rachel, Matthews, Elisabeth, Murgas, Felipe, Narita, Norio, Newman, Patrick, Ninan, Joe, Osborn, Ares, Quinn, Samuel N., Robertson, Paul, Roy, Arpita, Schlieder, Joshua, Schwab, Christian, Seifahrt, Andreas, Smith, Gareth D., Sohani, Ahmad, Stefánsson, Guðmundur, Stevens, Daniel, Stürmer, Julian, Tanner, Angelle, Terrien, Ryan, Teske, Johanna, Vermilion, David, Wang, Sharon X., Wittrock, Justin, Wright, Jason T., Zechmeister, Mathias, Zohrabi, Farzaneh

论文摘要

我们介绍了旋转的M2.5矮人TOI 620的过境低密度系外行星的验证。我们利用苔丝和地面后续观测值的光度数据来验证5.09天的过渡信号和兽医假阳性方案的临时性数据。高对比度成像数据用于解析出色的主机,并在分离$ \ gtrsim 0.2''$上排除恒星伴侣。我们获得具有多个PRV光谱仪的相应的随访光谱和相应的精确径向速度(RVS),以确认过境外球星的行星性质。我们计算5 $σ$上限的上限$ m_p <7.1 $ m $ _ \ oplus $和$ρ_p<0.74 $ g cm $^{ - 3} $,我们确定了一个非传输17.7天候选人。我们还发现了近距离分析,从GAIA,AO Imaging和RVS的组合分析中,有一个预测的分离$ \ Lessim 20 $ au的证据(1-20 m $ _ {\ rm j} $)伴侣。随着这个外部伴侣的发现,我们对TOI 620 B可能是训练的行星或一对黯淡的二进制恒星进行了详细的探索。我们发现,在审查下,我们可以从多波长的传输光度法中排除这两种情况,从而将TOI 620 B验证为在该系统中转移中心星的低密度系外行星。 TOI 620 B的低密度使其成为大气表征最适合的系外行星之一,例如JWST和ARIEL,迄今为止由Tess Mission验证或确认。

We present the validation of a transiting low-density exoplanet orbiting the M2.5 dwarf TOI 620 discovered by the NASA TESS mission. We utilize photometric data from both TESS and ground-based follow-up observations to validate the ephemerides of the 5.09-day transiting signal and vet false positive scenarios. High-contrast imaging data are used to resolve the stellar host and exclude stellar companions at separations $\gtrsim 0.2''$. We obtain follow-up spectroscopy and corresponding precise radial velocities (RVs) with multiple PRV spectrographs to confirm the planetary nature of the transiting exoplanet. We calculate a 5$σ$ upper limit of $M_P < 7.1$ M$_\oplus$ and $ρ_P < 0.74$ g cm$^{-3}$, and we identify a non-transiting 17.7-day candidate. We also find evidence for a substellar (1-20 M$_{\rm J}$) companion with a projected separation $\lesssim 20$ au from a combined analysis of Gaia, AO imaging, and RVs. With the discovery of this outer companion, we carry out a detailed exploration of the possibilities that TOI 620 b might instead be a circum-secondary planet or a pair of eclipsing binary stars orbiting the host in a hierarchical triple system. We find, under scrutiny, that we can exclude both of these scenarios from the multi-wavelength transit photometry, thus validating TOI 620 b as a low-density exoplanet transiting the central star in this system. The low density of TOI 620 b makes it one of the most amenable exoplanets for atmospheric characterization, such as with JWST and Ariel, validated or confirmed by the TESS mission to date.

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