论文标题

使用物理知识的神经网络学习最佳的K空间获取和重建

Learning Optimal K-space Acquisition and Reconstruction using Physics-Informed Neural Networks

论文作者

Peng, Wei, Feng, Li, Zhao, Guoying, Liu, Fang

论文摘要

磁共振图像(MRI)的固有慢成像速度刺激了各种加速方法的发展,通常是通过启发式下采样的MRI测量域称为K空间。最近,深度神经网络已应用于重建不足的K空间数据,并显示出改善的重建性能。尽管这些方法中的大多数侧重于设计新颖的重建网络或针对给定的不足采样模式的新培训策略,例如笛卡尔底层采样或非 - 牙龈抽样,但迄今为止,旨在使用深神经网络学习和优化K-Space采样策略的研究有限。这项工作提出了一个新颖的优化框架,以通过将其视为可以使用神经ode解决的普通微分方程(ODE)问题来学习K空间采样轨迹。特别是,k空间数据的采样被构架为动态系统,其中神经极将配制以近似于MRI物理学的其他约束。此外,我们还证明了轨迹优化和图像重建可以协同学习以提高成像效率和重建性能。在不同的体内数据集(例如大脑和膝盖图像)上进行了实验。最初的结果表明,与笛卡尔和非卡特斯式收购中的常规采样方案相比,我们提出的方法可以在加速MRI中产生更好的图像质量。

The inherent slow imaging speed of Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) has spurred the development of various acceleration methods, typically through heuristically undersampling the MRI measurement domain known as k-space. Recently, deep neural networks have been applied to reconstruct undersampled k-space data and have shown improved reconstruction performance. While most of these methods focus on designing novel reconstruction networks or new training strategies for a given undersampling pattern, e.g., Cartesian undersampling or Non-Cartesian sampling, to date, there is limited research aiming to learn and optimize k-space sampling strategies using deep neural networks. This work proposes a novel optimization framework to learn k-space sampling trajectories by considering it as an Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) problem that can be solved using neural ODE. In particular, the sampling of k-space data is framed as a dynamic system, in which neural ODE is formulated to approximate the system with additional constraints on MRI physics. In addition, we have also demonstrated that trajectory optimization and image reconstruction can be learned collaboratively for improved imaging efficiency and reconstruction performance. Experiments were conducted on different in-vivo datasets (e.g., brain and knee images) acquired with different sequences. Initial results have shown that our proposed method can generate better image quality in accelerated MRI than conventional undersampling schemes in Cartesian and Non-Cartesian acquisitions.

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