论文标题
SN 2014C的七年：非凡超新星的多波长综合
Seven Years of SN 2014C: a Multi-Wavelength Synthesis of an Extraordinary Supernova
论文作者
论文摘要
SN 2014c最初被归类为IB型超新星，但在阶段= 127 d后，探索后强Hα发射强。此后，SN 2014c在无线电，红外，光学和X射线频带中观察到。在这里，我们介绍了新的光谱和光度数据范围ϕ = 947-2494 d后探索。我们解决了扩大的Hα发射线的演变，以及广泛的[O III]发射和其他线。我们还对所有公开可用的多波长数据进行了平行分析。从我们的光谱中，我们发现{\ sim} 2000 km/s的近乎常数HαFWHM速度宽度明显低于我们光谱中存在的其他宽宽原子过渡（{\ sim} 3000-7000 km/s）的速度宽度（[{\ sim} 3000-7000 km/s）。 λλ7291,7324）。晚期无线电数据要求在稀有物质中进行快速的前向冲击（{\ sim} 10,000 km/s），与Hα的速度适度相反。我们提出，红外通量源自祖细胞系统周围的氢的环形结构，而后来在其他波长（无线电，X射线）处发射的可能主要来自喷射中的反向冲击，以及在准近代祖细胞中的前向冲击。我们建议Hα发射出现在喷射和圆环之间的边界层中。我们还考虑了脉冲星和二元伴侣的可能作用。
SN 2014C was originally classified as a Type Ib supernova, but at phase ϕ = 127 d post-explosion strong Hα emission was observed. SN 2014C has since been observed in radio, infrared, optical and X-ray bands. Here we present new optical spectroscopic and photometric data spanning ϕ = 947 - 2494 d post-explosion. We address the evolution of the broadened Hα emission line, as well as broad [O III] emission and other lines. We also conduct a parallel analysis of all publicly available multi-wavelength data. From our spectra, we find a nearly constant Hα FWHM velocity width of {\sim}2000 km/s that is significantly lower than that of other broadened atomic transitions ({\sim}3000 - 7000 km/s) present in our spectra ([O I] λ6300; [O III] λλ4959,5007; He I λ7065; [Ca II] λλ7291,7324). The late radio data demand a fast forward shock ({\sim}10,000 km/s at ϕ = 1700 d) in rarified matter that contrasts with the modest velocity of the Hα. We propose that the infrared flux originates from a toroidal-like structure of hydrogen surrounding the progenitor system, while later emission at other wavelengths (radio, X-ray) likely originates predominantly from the reverse shock in the ejecta and the forward shock in the quasi-spherical progenitor He wind. We propose that the Hα emission arises in the boundary layer between the ejecta and torus. We also consider the possible roles of a pulsar and a binary companion.
