论文标题
可视化长期黑子数记录的挑战和局限性
Visualization of the challenges and limitations of the long-term sunspot number record
论文作者
论文摘要
太阳能周期会定期重塑太阳的磁性结构和辐射输出，并确定其对地球球的影响大约每11年。除了这种主要周期外，它还显示了一个世纪的变化（包括异常低的太阳活动时期，称为Grand Minima）。 Maunder最低限度（1645-1715）引起了人们对太阳和其他恒星的磁性最小值的原型，这表明太阳与陆地气候变化之间存在潜在的联系。在过去的400年中，最近对黑子观测的重新分析对太阳活动的演变产生了冲突（稳定增加与恒定水平）。这激发了一致的社区范围内的努力，以了解最低限度的深度和随后的太阳活动的世俗演变。这种观点的目的是审查使用历史数据来估计长期太阳可变性的最新工作，并向这些估计的用户提供背景，这些估计值可能不了解其局限性。我们提出了一个明确的视觉指南，而不是可以用来轻松评估不同时期的观察覆盖范围，以及当前提出的黑子组编号系列之间的分歧水平。
The solar cycle periodically reshapes the magnetic structure and radiative output of the Sun and determines its impact on the heliosphere roughly every 11 years. Besides this main periodicity, it shows century-long variations (including periods of abnormally low solar activity called grand minima). The Maunder Minimum (1645-1715) has generated significant interest as the archetype of a grand minimum in magnetic activity for the Sun and other stars, suggesting a potential link between the Sun and changes in terrestrial climate. Recent reanalyses of sunspot observations have yielded a conflicted view on the evolution of solar activity during the past 400 years (a steady increase versus a constant level). This has ignited a concerted community-wide effort to understand the depth of the Maunder Minimum and the subsequent secular evolution of solar activity. The goal of this Perspective is to review recent work that uses historical data to estimate long-term solar variability, and to provide context to users of these estimates that may not be aware of their limitations. We propose a clear visual guide than can be used to easily assess observational coverage for different periods, as well as the level of disagreement between currently proposed sunspot group number series.
