论文标题
使用Ligo-Virgo前三个观测运行中的数据来限制宇宙学一阶相变的重力波光谱
Constraining the Gravitational-Wave Spectrum from Cosmological First-Order Phase Transitions Using Data from LIGO-Virgo First Three Observing Runs
论文作者
论文摘要
我们从高级Ligo和高级处女座的前三个观察跑步中搜索一阶相变（PT）引力波（GW）信号。由于理论上的不确定性很大，因此分别研究了文献中广泛采用的气泡和声波碰撞的四种GW能量光谱形状。我们的结果表明，没有证据表明存在此类GW信号，因此我们在$ f _*\ $ f _*\的峰值范围内给出了GW Energy Spectrum $ω__\ text {pt} $的上限。我们发现$ω__\ text {pt}（f _*\ simeq 40 \ \ \ \ \ \ text {hz}）<1.3 \ 1.3 \ times10^{ - 8} $ $ 95 \％$ $可信度，大约$ $ h _*/β\ sieldsim 0.1 $ 0.1 $ and $ a $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 68 \ $ 68 \％$ c. in forme in pread in pread in forme in pread in the pread in the pread in forme in forme $20\lesssim f_*\lesssim 100$ Hz corresponding to the most sensitive frequency band of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs, where $H_*$ is the Hubble parameter when PT happens, $β$ is the bubble nucleation rate and $α$ is the ratio of vacuum and relativistic energy density.
We search for a first-order phase transition (PT) gravitational wave (GW) signal from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs. Due to the large theoretical uncertainties, four GW energy spectral shapes from bubble and sound wave collisions widely adopted in literature are investigated, separately. Our results indicate that there is no evidence for the existence of such GW signals, and therefore we give the upper limits on the amplitude of GW energy spectrum $Ω_\text{pt}(f_*)$ in the peak frequency range of $f_*\in [5,500]$ Hz for these four theoretical models, separately. We find that $Ω_\text{pt}(f_*\simeq 40\ \text{Hz})<1.3\times10^{-8}$ at $95\%$ credible level, and roughly $H_*/β\lesssim 0.1$ and $α\lesssim 1$ at $68\%$ credible level in the peak frequency range of $20\lesssim f_*\lesssim 100$ Hz corresponding to the most sensitive frequency band of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs, where $H_*$ is the Hubble parameter when PT happens, $β$ is the bubble nucleation rate and $α$ is the ratio of vacuum and relativistic energy density.
