论文标题
化学可居住能力：地球形成期间生命基本要素的供应和保留
Chemical Habitability: Supply and Retention of Life's Essential Elements During Planet Formation
论文作者
论文摘要
碳，氢，氮，氧，磷和硫（Chnops）在地球生命的起源和生命中起关键作用。鉴于物理和化学的普遍性，尤其是水作为溶剂和碳作为复杂分子的骨干的无处不在，Chnops可能对大多数可居住的世界至关重要。为了指导并告知寻找潜在的居住和最终居住环境的搜索，我们首先总结了地球上各种水库的chnops预算，它们在塑造我们的生物圈中的作用以及它们在太阳星云中的起源。然后，我们综合了我们当前对这些元素如何行为和分布在各种天体物理环境中的理解，从而追溯到它们从垂死的恒星中的合成到分子云，原星网环境，以及最终在主要序列围绕主要序列的岩石行星的旅程。最后，我们通过在此旅程中确定关键的分支点，强调了可以大大改变chnops的行星分布的实例，并猜测这些世界对这些世界的化学可居住性的后果。
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus and Sulfur (CHNOPS) play key roles in the origin and proliferation of life on Earth. Given the universality of physics and chemistry, not least the ubiquity of water as a solvent and carbon as a backbone of complex molecules, CHNOPS are likely crucial to most habitable worlds. To help guide and inform the search for potentially habitable and ultimately inhabited environments, we begin by summarizing the CHNOPS budget of various reservoirs on Earth, their role in shaping our biosphere, and their origins in the Solar Nebula. We then synthesize our current understanding of how these elements behave and are distributed in diverse astrophysical settings, tracing their journeys from synthesis in dying stars to molecular clouds, protoplanetary settings, and ultimately temperate rocky planets around main sequence stars. We end by identifying key branching points during this journey, highlighting instances where a forming planets' distribution of CHNOPS can be altered dramatically, and speculating about the consequences for the chemical habitability of these worlds.
