论文标题

自动设计近似以克服电路老化

Automated Design Approximation to Overcome Circuit Aging

论文作者

Balaskas, Konstantinos, Zervakis, Georgios, Amrouch, Hussam, Henkel, Joerg, Siozios, Kostas

论文摘要

晶体管老化现象在晶体管的主要电气特征中表现为降解。随着时间的流逝,它们导致细胞传播延迟的显着增加,导致由于计时违规而导致错误,因为随着电路年龄的增长,工作频率变得不可持续。传统的技术采用定时护栏来减轻衰老引起的延迟增加,从而导致从赛车开始的开始,从而导致大量的性能损失。利用大量应用域的固有误差弹性,最近作为一种老化的缓解机制引入了近似计算。在这项工作中,我们提出了第一个自动化框架,用于产生衰老近似电路。我们的框架通过应用定向的门级网表近似,引起了一个小的功能误差,并恢复了由于老化而导致的延迟退化。结果,我们优化的电路消除了衰老引起的时间误差。对各种算术电路和图像处理基准的实验评估表明,对于平均误差仅为$ 5 \ times10^{ - 3} $,我们的框架完全消除了衰老引起的时机护栏。与没有正时防护器(即ISO绩效评估)的相应基线电路相比,我们框架生成的电路的错误为$ 1208 $ x较小。

Transistor aging phenomena manifest themselves as degradations in the main electrical characteristics of transistors. Over time, they result in a significant increase of cell propagation delay, leading to errors due to timing violations, since the operating frequency becomes unsustainable as the circuit ages. Conventional techniques employ timing guardbands to mitigate aging-induced delay increase, which leads to considerable performance losses from the beginning of the circuit's lifetime. Leveraging the inherent error resilience of a vast number of application domains, approximate computing was recently introduced as an aging mitigation mechanism. In this work, we present the first automated framework for generating aging-aware approximate circuits. Our framework, by applying directed gate-level netlist approximation, induces a small functional error and recovers the delay degradation due to aging. As a result, our optimized circuits eliminate aging-induced timing errors. Experimental evaluation over a variety of arithmetic circuits and image processing benchmarks demonstrates that for an average error of merely $5\times10^{-3}$, our framework completely eliminates aging-induced timing guardbands. Compared to the respective baseline circuits without timing guardbands (i.e., iso-performance evaluation), the error of the circuits generated by our framework is $1208$x smaller.

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