论文标题
集体运动模型
Model for collective motion
论文作者
论文摘要
集体运动是中等重型核中新兴现象的表现。相对较大的组成核子与核激发（振动，旋转）一致，其特征在于较大的电磁矩和过渡速率。回顾了集体激发的基本特征，并引入了一个简单的模型，描述了大振幅四极杆和八杆形动力学，以及诱导裂变的动力学。集体哈密顿模型的现代实现是基于能量密度功能的微观框架，该框架提供了对核基础状态和集体激发的准确描述。与可用数据相比，讨论了说明性计算的结果。
Collective motion is a manifestation of emergent phenomena in medium-heavy and heavy nuclei. A relatively large number of constituent nucleons contribute coherently to nuclear excitations (vibrations, rotations) that are characterized by large electromagnetic moments and transition rates. Basic features of collective excitations are reviewed, and a simple model introduced that describes large-amplitude quadrupole and octupole shape dynamics, as well as the dynamics of induced fission. Modern implementations of the collective Hamiltonian model are based on the microscopic framework of energy density functionals, that provide an accurate global description of nuclear ground states and collective excitations. Results of illustrative calculations are discussed in comparison with available data.
