论文标题
从移动电话位置数据衍生出的酒精出口访问的作用在增强邻里的家庭暴力预测中
The role of alcohol outlet visits derived from mobile phone location data in enhancing domestic violence prediction at the neighborhood level
论文作者
论文摘要
家庭暴力(DV)是一个严重的公共卫生问题,每年有三分之一的女性和四分之一的男性每年经历某种形式的与伴侣有关的暴力。现有的研究表明,酒精使用与单个水平的DV之间有着密切的关联。因此,饮酒也可能是在邻里水平上的DV的预测因子,有助于确定更可能发生DV的社区。但是,很难收集可以代表邻里水平饮酒的数据,尤其是对于大型地理区域。在这项研究中,我们建议从匿名手机位置数据中获取有关不同社区居民的酒精出口访问的信息,并研究派生的访问是否可以帮助更好地预测社区水平的DV。我们使用公司Safegraph的手机数据,研究人员可以自由使用,其中包含有关人们如何访问包括酒精插座在内的各种利益的信息。在这样的数据中,根据手机的GPS点位置和酒精插座的建筑物占地面积(多边形)确定了对酒精插座的访问。我们介绍了我们推导邻里水平酒精出口访问的方法,并尝试了四种不同的统计和机器学习模型,以根据有关芝加哥DV的经验数据集来研究派生访问在增强DV预测中的作用。我们的结果揭示了派出的酒精插座访问在帮助识别更可能患有DV的社区中的有效性,并且可以为与DV干预和酒精渠道许可有关的政策提供信息。
Domestic violence (DV) is a serious public health issue, with 1 in 3 women and 1 in 4 men experiencing some form of partner-related violence every year. Existing research has shown a strong association between alcohol use and DV at the individual level. Accordingly, alcohol use could also be a predictor for DV at the neighborhood level, helping identify the neighborhoods where DV is more likely to happen. However, it is difficult and costly to collect data that can represent neighborhood-level alcohol use especially for a large geographic area. In this study, we propose to derive information about the alcohol outlet visits of the residents of different neighborhoods from anonymized mobile phone location data, and investigate whether the derived visits can help better predict DV at the neighborhood level. We use mobile phone data from the company SafeGraph, which is freely available to researchers and which contains information about how people visit various points-of-interest including alcohol outlets. In such data, a visit to an alcohol outlet is identified based on the GPS point location of the mobile phone and the building footprint (a polygon) of the alcohol outlet. We present our method for deriving neighborhood-level alcohol outlet visits, and experiment with four different statistical and machine learning models to investigate the role of the derived visits in enhancing DV prediction based on an empirical dataset about DV in Chicago. Our results reveal the effectiveness of the derived alcohol outlets visits in helping identify neighborhoods that are more likely to suffer from DV, and can inform policies related to DV intervention and alcohol outlet licensing.