论文标题

共享资产的原子跨链交换

Atomic cross-chain exchanges of shared assets

论文作者

Narayanam, Krishnasuri, Ramakrishna, Venkatraman, Vinayagamurthy, Dhinakaran, Nishad, Sandeep

论文摘要

区块链或DLT互操作性的核心推动力是通过在不同分类帐上相互不信任的所有者持有原子资产的能力。这个原子交换问题经过了充分研究,将时间锁定合同(HTLC)作为规范解决方案出现。 HTLC确保了交换的原子性,尽管对节点失败和索赔的及时性有所了解。但是,HTLC的更大限制在于,它仅适用于一个模型,该模型由每个分类帐中具有唯一所有资产的对抗方组成。该模型的现实扩展可能由多个当事方共同拥有,所有当事方都需要交流的所有同意,或者必须将多个资产交换为一项,易于串通攻击,因此不能由HTLC处理。在本文中,我们概括了跨DLT网络的资产交换模型,并介绍了用例的分类法,描述威胁模型,并提出了MPHTLC,这是原子多种主和资产交换的增强HTLC协议。我们分析了MPHTLC的正确性,安全性和应用范围。作为概念验证,我们展示了如何在HyperLeDger Fabric和Corda建立的网络中实现MPHTLC原始图,以及如何通过增强其现有的HTLC协议来在HyperLedger Labs Weaver Weaver框架中实现MPHTLC。

A core enabler for blockchain or DLT interoperability is the ability to atomically exchange assets held by mutually untrusting owners on different ledgers. This atomic swap problem has been well-studied, with the Hash Time Locked Contract (HTLC) emerging as a canonical solution. HTLC ensures atomicity of exchange, albeit with caveats for node failure and timeliness of claims. But a bigger limitation of HTLC is that it only applies to a model consisting of two adversarial parties having sole ownership of a single asset in each ledger. Realistic extensions of the model in which assets may be jointly owned by multiple parties, all of whose consents are required for exchanges, or where multiple assets must be exchanged for one, are susceptible to collusion attacks and hence cannot be handled by HTLC. In this paper, we generalize the model of asset exchanges across DLT networks and present a taxonomy of use cases, describe the threat model, and propose MPHTLC, an augmented HTLC protocol for atomic multi-owner-and-asset exchanges. We analyze the correctness, safety, and application scope of MPHTLC. As proof-of-concept, we show how MPHTLC primitives can be implemented in networks built on Hyperledger Fabric and Corda, and how MPHTLC can be implemented in the Hyperledger Labs Weaver framework by augmenting its existing HTLC protocol.

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