论文标题

圆顶:GEANT4模拟中的离散定向的MUON排放

DOME: Discrete oriented muon emission in GEANT4 simulations

论文作者

Topuz, Ahmet Ilker, Kiisk, Madis, Giammanco, Andrea

论文摘要

在这项研究中,我们展示了一种基本策略,这些策略可能在Geant4模拟的不同计算应用中可以使用,其目的是半球形粒子来源。进一步详细说明,我们最初通过为笛卡尔坐标的三个成分使用高斯分布来在实用半径的球面上生成随机点,从而为相应粒子的初始位置获得生成表面。由于我们不需要用于层析成像应用的球形表面的下半部分,因此我们通过导致半球形壳来捕获笛卡尔坐标中垂直分量的绝对值,该壳传统上称为半球。最后但并非最不重要的一点是,我们将生成的颗粒引导到目标材料中,以通过基于半球形表面的随机点和目标材料的起源之间的矢量构造的选择性动量方向来照射,从而通过源偏置优化了粒子损失。最后,我们通过在Geant4代码中使用G4ParticleGun来整合我们的策略。此外,我们还展示了第二个方案,该方案基于从球形坐标到笛卡尔坐标的坐标转换,从而减少了随机数发生器的数量。虽然我们计划在MUON散射断层扫描的计算实践中发挥我们的策略,但该来源方案可能会发现其在不同邻近领域的直接应用,包括但不限于大气科学,太空工程和天体物理学,其中3D粒子源是建模目标的必要性。

In this study, we exhibit a number elementary strategies that might be at disposal in diverse computational applications in the GEANT4 simulations with the purpose of hemispherical particle sources. To further detail, we initially generate random points on a spherical surface for a sphere of a practical radius by employing Gaussian distributions for the three components of the Cartesian coordinates, thereby obtaining a generating surface for the initial positions of the corresponding particles. Since we do not require the half bottom part of the produced spherical surface for our tomographic applications, we take the absolute value of the vertical component in the Cartesian coordinates by leading to a half-spherical shell, which is traditionally called a hemisphere. Last but not least, we direct the generated particles into the target material to be irradiated by favoring a selective momentum direction that is based on the vector construction between the random point on the hemispherical surface and the origin of the target material, hereby optimizing the particle loss through the source biasing. In the end, we incorporate our strategy by using G4ParticleGun in the GEANT4 code. Furthermore, we also exhibit a second scheme that is based on the coordinate transformation from the spherical coordinates to the Cartesian coordinates, thereby reducing the number of random number generators. While we plan to exert our strategy in the computational practices for muon scattering tomography, this source scheme might find its straightforward applications in different neighboring fields including but not limited to atmospheric sciences, space engineering, and astrophysics where a 3D particle source is a necessity for the modeling goals.

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