论文标题

RTGNN:一种模型随机流量动态的新方法

RTGNN: A Novel Approach to Model Stochastic Traffic Dynamics

论文作者

Sun, Ke, Chaves, Stephen, Martin, Paul, Kumar, Vijay

论文摘要

建模随机交通动态对于开发自动驾驶汽车至关重要。因为很难开发由人类驱动的汽车的第一原理模型,所以在开发流量动态模型中使用数据驱动方法具有很大的潜力。尽管有关该主题的文献广泛,但以前的作品主要解决数据驱动模型的预测准确性。此外,由于它们无法满足其中的假设,因此通常很难将这些模型应用于共同的计划框架。在这项工作中,我们提出了一个新的随机流量模型,即循环流量图神经网络(RTGNN),通过在模型上执行其他结构,以便可以将提出的模型与现有运动计划算法无缝集成。 RTGNN是马尔可夫模型,能够推断以自我车辆运动为条件的未来交通状态。具体而言,RTGNN使用了包含当地所有参与者的状态的交通状态的定义,因此能够对所有感兴趣的代理做出共同的预测。同时,我们明确地将代理的隐藏状态“意图”建模为交通状态的一部分,以反映交通动态的固有的部分可观察性。上述属性对于将RTGNN与运动计划算法耦合预测和决策制定至关重要。尽管还有其他结构,我们表明RTGNN能够通过与其他类似作品进行比较来实现最先进的准确性。

Modeling stochastic traffic dynamics is critical to developing self-driving cars. Because it is difficult to develop first principle models of cars driven by humans, there is great potential for using data driven approaches in developing traffic dynamical models. While there is extensive literature on this subject, previous works mainly address the prediction accuracy of data-driven models. Moreover, it is often difficult to apply these models to common planning frameworks since they fail to meet the assumptions therein. In this work, we propose a new stochastic traffic model, Recurrent Traffic Graph Neural Network (RTGNN), by enforcing additional structures on the model so that the proposed model can be seamlessly integrated with existing motion planning algorithms. RTGNN is a Markovian model and is able to infer future traffic states conditioned on the motion of the ego vehicle. Specifically, RTGNN uses a definition of the traffic state that includes the state of all players in a local region and is therefore able to make joint predictions for all agents of interest. Meanwhile, we explicitly model the hidden states of agents, "intentions," as part of the traffic state to reflect the inherent partial observability of traffic dynamics. The above mentioned properties are critical for integrating RTGNN with motion planning algorithms coupling prediction and decision making. Despite the additional structures, we show that RTGNN is able to achieve state-of-the-art accuracy through comparisons with other similar works.

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