论文标题
Vindico:防止基于适应的间谍软件的隐私保护
VindiCo: Privacy Safeguard Against Adaptation Based Spyware in Human-in-the-Loop IoT
论文作者
论文摘要
个性化的物联网根据上下文信息(例如用户行为和位置)调整其行为。不幸的是,个性化的物联网适应用户上下文,这一事实打开了一个侧渠道,该通道泄漏了有关用户的私人信息。为此,我们首先研究恶意窃听器可以监视物联网系统采取的操作并提取用户的私人信息的程度。特别是,我们展示了新的间谍软件类别的两个具体实例(在手机和智能家居的上下文中),我们称它们为上下文感知的基于适应性的间谍软件(SpyCon)。实验评估表明,开发的间谍可以以90.3%的精度预测用户的日常行为。本文的其余部分致力于引入Vindico,Vindico是一种软件机制,旨在检测和减轻可能的间谍。作为没有已知的先前签名或行为的新间谍软件,基于代码签名或应用程序行为的传统间谍软件检测不足以检测间谍。因此,Vindico提出了一种新型基于信息的检测引擎以及几种缓解技术,以限制检测到的间谍提取私人信息的能力。通过具有一般检测和缓解引擎,Vindico对SpyCon使用的推论算法不可知。我们的结果表明,Vindico将SpyCon推断用户上下文的能力从90.3%降低至基线准确性(基于随机猜测的精度),而执行费用可忽略不计。
Personalized IoT adapts their behavior based on contextual information, such as user behavior and location. Unfortunately, the fact that personalized IoT adapts to user context opens a side-channel that leaks private information about the user. To that end, we start by studying the extent to which a malicious eavesdropper can monitor the actions taken by an IoT system and extract users' private information. In particular, we show two concrete instantiations (in the context of mobile phones and smart homes) of a new category of spyware which we refer to as Context-Aware Adaptation Based Spyware (SpyCon). Experimental evaluations show that the developed SpyCon can predict users' daily behavior with an accuracy of 90.3%. The rest of this paper is devoted to introducing VindiCo, a software mechanism designed to detect and mitigate possible SpyCon. Being new spyware with no known prior signature or behavior, traditional spyware detection that is based on code signature or app behavior is not adequate to detect SpyCon. Therefore, VindiCo proposes a novel information-based detection engine along with several mitigation techniques to restrain the ability of the detected SpyCon to extract private information. By having general detection and mitigation engines, VindiCo is agnostic to the inference algorithm used by SpyCon. Our results show that VindiCo reduces the ability of SpyCon to infer user context from 90.3% to the baseline accuracy (accuracy based on random guesses) with negligible execution overhead.