论文标题
对密集颗粒流的发作的定量理解
Quantitative understanding of the onset of dense granular flows
论文作者
论文摘要
尽管有许多工业和地球物理应用，但何时以及如何开始在压力下开始流动，这在很大程度上仍未得到解决。我们开发并测试了一个简单的方程式，以基于颗粒堆积的摩擦衰老的颗粒材料的准静态流。结果是一种非单调应力 - 应变关系，类似于经典摩擦 - 与剪切速率无关。这种关系足以理解老化颗粒培养基的阈值低于阈值的变形及其固体到液体的过渡。我们的结果还阐明了机械性能的（流）历史依赖性以及对颗粒培养基初始制备的敏感性。
The question when and how dense granular materials start to flow under stress, despite many industrial and geophysical applications, remains largely unresolved. We develop and test a simple equation for the onset of quasi-static flows of granular materials which is based on the frictional aging of the granular packing. The result is a non-monotonic stress-strain relation which - akin to classical friction - is independent of the shear rate. This relation suffices to understand the below-threshold deformations of aging granular media, and its solid-to-liquid transition. Our results also elucidate the (flow) history dependence of the mechanical properties, and the sensitivity to initial preparation of granular media.
