论文标题
非马科维亚反馈控制和可怕性：一项实验研究
Non-Markovian feedback control and acausality: an experimental study
论文作者
论文摘要
因果关系是第二种被称为波动关系的热力学定律的非平衡概括的重要假设。在这里，我们在实验中研究了工作和熵产生的非平衡统计特性，用于连续延迟的反馈控制的光学捕获，阻尼不足的纳米颗粒不连接。尽管非马克维亚反馈取决于粒子的前进轨迹的过去位置，但它取决于其对时间倒流的路径的未来位置，因此是可靠的。在稳态状态中，我们表明，长期极限中相应的波动关系表现出这种可怕性的明确特征，即使时间转移的动力学在物理上无法实现。
Causality is an important assumption underlying nonequilibrium generalizations of the second law of thermodynamics known as fluctuation relations. We here experimentally study the nonequilibrium statistical properties of the work and of the entropy production for an optically trapped, underdamped nanoparticle continuously subjected to a time-delayed feedback control. Whereas the non-Markovian feedback depends on the past position of the particle for a forward trajectory, it depends on its future position for a time-reversed path, and is therefore acausal. In the steady-state regime, we show that the corresponding fluctuation relations in the long-time limit exhibit a clear signature of this acausality, even though the time-reversed dynamics is not physically realizable.
