论文标题
人类表现的心理物理评估在检测数字面部图像操纵时
Psychophysical Evaluation of Human Performance in Detecting Digital Face Image Manipulations
论文作者
论文摘要
近年来，诸如边境控制或执法等安全环境中面部识别技术的部署越来越多，导致人们对使用合法文件的面部识别系统的脆弱性产生了极大的兴趣，这些文件是根据数字操纵的面部图像发布的。由于自动操纵和攻击检测仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务，因此对人类检查员进行身份验证的常规过程仍然是必不可少的。这些情况值得对人类在检测操纵面部图像中的能力进行更深入的研究，因为该领域的先前工作很少，并且通常仅集中在特定的情况和生物特征上。 这项工作介绍了基于网络的远程视觉歧视实验，基于心理物理学领域所采用的原理，随后讨论跨学科机会，目的是检查人类在检测不同类型的数字操纵面部图像，特别是面部交换，变形，变形和锻炼方面的熟练程度。除了分析适当的绩效指标外，还探索了可能的可检测性指标。 306个概率的实验数据表明，检测性能在整个人群中广泛分布，并且对某些类型的面部图像操作的检测比其他类型的面部图像操作更具挑战性。
In recent years, increasing deployment of face recognition technology in security-critical settings, such as border control or law enforcement, has led to considerable interest in the vulnerability of face recognition systems to attacks utilising legitimate documents, which are issued on the basis of digitally manipulated face images. As automated manipulation and attack detection remains a challenging task, conventional processes with human inspectors performing identity verification remain indispensable. These circumstances merit a closer investigation of human capabilities in detecting manipulated face images, as previous work in this field is sparse and often concentrated only on specific scenarios and biometric characteristics. This work introduces a web-based, remote visual discrimination experiment on the basis of principles adopted from the field of psychophysics and subsequently discusses interdisciplinary opportunities with the aim of examining human proficiency in detecting different types of digitally manipulated face images, specifically face swapping, morphing, and retouching. In addition to analysing appropriate performance measures, a possible metric of detectability is explored. Experimental data of 306 probands indicate that detection performance is widely distributed across the population and detection of certain types of face image manipulations is much more challenging than others.
