论文标题
在悬浮的纳米级液体液滴中观察过冷水
Observation of undercooling in a levitated nanoscale liquid Au droplet
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了在高真空环境中在四极离子（Paul）陷阱中悬浮的纳米级（半径〜100 nm）的熔化和过冷的。通过激光照明加热粒子，并使用两种主要方法进行探测。首先，其质量的测量用于确定照明过程中的蒸发速率并推断粒子的温度。其次，直接的光学测量结果表明，从颗粒散布的光在其液体和固相中显着不同。该粒子在其熔化的转变中反复加热，并研究了加热行为对粒径的依赖性。过冷 - 通过多阶段激光脉冲诱导熔融温度以下的液态持续性。探索过冷水的程度并将其与理论预测进行了比较。
We investigate melting and undercooling in nanoscale (radius ~100 nm) gold particles that are levitated in a quadrupole ion (Paul) trap in a high vacuum environment. The particle is heated via laser illumination and probed using two main methods. Firstly, measurements of its mass are used to determine the evaporation rate during illumination and infer the temperature of the particle. Secondly, direct optical measurements show that the light scattered from the particle is significantly different in its liquid and solid phases. The particle is repeatedly heated across its melting transition, and the dependence of heating behavior on particle size is investigated. Undercooling -- the persistence of a liquid state below the melting temperature -- is induced via multi-stage laser pulses. The extent of undercooling is explored and compared to theoretical predictions.
