论文标题
使用深度强化学习零缺陷智能锻造
Using Deep Reinforcement Learning for Zero Defect Smart Forging
论文作者
论文摘要
生产期间的缺陷可能导致物质浪费,这对许多公司来说是一个重大挑战,因为它会减少收入并对可持续性和环境产生负面影响。物质废物的一个基本原因是自动化程度较低,尤其是在目前具有较低数字化的行业,例如钢锻造。这些行业通常依靠重型和旧机器,例如大多数手动控制或使用专家创建的知名食谱的大型感应烤箱。但是,当发生不可预见的事件发生时,标准配方可能会失败,例如生产计划外停止,这可能导致过热,从而在锻造过程中材料退化。在本文中,我们为锻造线的加热过程制定了基于数字双胞胎的优化策略,以自动化最佳控制策略的开发,该策略根据从高温计观察到的温度数据来调整感应烤箱中的加热线圈的功率。我们使用锻造线的数字双胞胎为加热阶段设计了一个基于数字双胞胎的深钢筋学习(DTRL)框架,并为加热阶段训练两个不同的深钢筋学习(DRL)模型。双胞胎基于包含加热传输和运动模型的模拟器,该模拟器被用作DRL训练的环境。我们的评估表明,这两种模型都大大降低了温度不平衡,并可以帮助自动化传统的加热过程。
Defects during production may lead to material waste, which is a significant challenge for many companies as it reduces revenue and negatively impacts sustainability and the environment. An essential reason for material waste is a low degree of automation, especially in industries that currently have a low degree of digitalization, such as steel forging. Those industries typically rely on heavy and old machinery such as large induction ovens that are mostly controlled manually or using well-known recipes created by experts. However, standard recipes may fail when unforeseen events happen, such as an unplanned stop in production, which may lead to overheating and thus material degradation during the forging process. In this paper, we develop a digital twin-based optimization strategy for the heating process for a forging line to automate the development of an optimal control policy that adjusts the power for the heating coils in an induction oven based on temperature data observed from pyrometers. We design a digital twin-based deep reinforcement learning (DTRL) framework and train two different deep reinforcement learning (DRL) models for the heating phase using a digital twin of the forging line. The twin is based on a simulator that contains a heating transfer and movement model, which is used as an environment for the DRL training. Our evaluation shows that both models significantly reduce the temperature unevenness and can help to automate the traditional heating process.