论文标题
哈勃危机是否与恐龙的灭绝有关？
Is the Hubble crisis connected with the extinction of dinosaurs?
论文作者
论文摘要
最近有人建议，有效的牛顿常数$ g _ {\ rm eff} $的重力过渡约为10％，发生在50-150 MYRS之前，可以使Hubble危机和标准$λ$ CDM模型的增长张力解决。最近在塔利·费舍尔银河质量数据数据以及CepheID SNIA校准器数据中发现了这种突然过渡的提示，有时在过渡前的重力较弱。在这里，我们使用蒙特卡洛模拟表明，这种过渡可能会显着增加（以3倍或以上的倍数），长期彗星（LPC）的数量（LPC）从Oort云（轨道的半马约尔轴$ \ gtrsim 10^4au $）上影响太阳系。这种增加与陆地和月球壁壁率的观察证据一致，这表明公里大小的物体的影响磁通量至少增加了2倍，而与长期平均值相比，过去100个MYR的影响。这种增长也可能与Chicxulub撞击事件有关，该事件产生了大约66 Myrs前地球上75％（包括恐龙）生命的75％生命的灭绝。我们使用蒙特卡洛模拟来表明，对于各向同性的Oort云彗星分布，具有最初圆形轨道，随机速度扰动（例如，通过恒星和/或银河系潮汐效应诱导），当$ g _ {\ rm eff} $增加时，轨道的变形会大大增加。 $ g _ {\ rm eff} $增长10％会导致彗星进入损失锥的概率增加，到达行星区域（小于10AU的周围）的范围为5％的因素，范围从5％（对于速度均比彗星初始速率）到最初的300％（以范围为300％）（以供超过300％）（以便均超过300％） 速度）。
It has recently been suggested that a gravitational transition of the effective Newton's constant $G_{\rm eff}$ by about 10%, taking place 50-150 Myrs ago, can lead to the resolution of both the Hubble crisis and the growth tension of the standard $Λ$CDM model. Hints for such an abrupt transition with weaker gravity at times before the transition, have recently been identified in Tully Fisher galactic mass-velocity data and also in Cepheid SnIa calibrator data. Here we use Monte-Carlo simulations to show that such a transition could significantly increase (by a factor of 3 or more) the number of long period comets (LPCs) impacting the solar system from the Oort cloud (semi-major axis of orbits $\gtrsim 10^4AU$). This increase is consistent with observational evidence from the terrestrial and lunar cratering rates indicating that the impact flux of kilometer sized objects increased by at least a factor of 2 over that last 100 Myrs compared to the long term average. This increase may also be connected with the Chicxulub impactor event that produced the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) extinction of 75% of life on Earth (including dinosaurs) about 66 Myrs ago. We use Monte-Carlo simulations to show that for isotropic Oort cloud comet distribution with initially circular orbits, random velocity perturbations (induced eg by passing stars and/or galactic tidal effects), lead to a deformation of the orbits that increases significantly when $G_{\rm eff}$ increases. A 10% increase of $G_{\rm eff}$ leads to an increase in the probability of the comets to enter the loss cone and reach the planetary region (pericenter of less than 10AU) by a factor that ranges from 5% (for velocity perturbation much smaller than the comet initial velocity) to more than 300% (for total velocity perturbations comparable with the initial comet velocity).
