论文标题
气泡宇宙和可穿越的虫洞
Bubble universes and traversable wormholes
论文作者
论文摘要
气泡宇宙和一般相对性中的可穿越的虫洞可以实现为同一概念的两个方面。为了举例说明，我们以统一的方式找到，展示和研究Minkowski-Minkowski封闭的宇宙和Minkowski-Minkowski可穿越的虫洞。通过将两个三维平面球沿物质的两角杆（即球形域壁）连接到一个时空中，一个空间会得到一个Minkowski-Minkowski静态封闭的封闭宇宙，即泡泡宇宙。通过将两个三维的平面球沿物质的薄外壳（即球形喉咙）连接到一个时空中，一个较薄的壳，一个空间可以得到一个Minkowski-Minkowski静态开放式宇宙，这是一个可穿越的蠕虫孔。因此，Minkowski-Minkowski气泡宇宙和虫洞可以看作是互补的。这两个空间与两个众所周知的静态宇宙具有相似之处，这也令人惊讶。 Minkowski-Minkowski静态封闭宇宙类似于爱因斯坦宇宙，这是一个静态的封闭球形宇宙，均匀地充满了灰尘和宇宙常数。 Minkowski-Minkowski静态开放宇宙类似于Friedmann静态宇宙，这是一个静态的开放双曲线宇宙，均匀地充满了负能量密度尘埃，具有负宇宙学，一个具有两个不相关的麸皮的宇宙，可以被视为失败的蠕虫孔。从这个角度来看，爱因斯坦和弗里德曼宇宙也是同一概念的两个方面。对所有这些空间进行了线性稳定性分析。对于这些静态空间而存在的气泡宇宙和可穿越的虫洞之间的互补性可以用于动态空间，表明这种互补性是一般的。该研究表明，气泡宇宙和可穿越的虫洞可以看作是从相同的概念中出来的，因此，如果存在的虫洞也应该存在。
Bubble universes and traversable wormholes in general relativity can be realized as two sides of the same concept. To exemplify, we find, display, and study in a unified manner a Minkowski-Minkowski closed universe and a Minkowski-Minkowski traversable wormhole. By joining two 3-dimensional flat balls along a thin shell two-sphere of matter, i.e., a spherical domain wall, into a single spacetime one gets a Minkowski-Minkowski static closed universe, i.e., a bubble universe. By joining two 3-dimensional complements of flat balls along a thin shell two-sphere of matter, i.e., a spherical throat, into a single spacetime one gets a Minkowski-Minkowski static open universe which is a traversable wormhole. Thus, Minkowski-Minkowski bubble universes and wormholes can be seen as complementary. It is also striking that these two spacetimes have resemblances with two well-known static universes. The Minkowski-Minkowski static closed universe resembles the Einstein universe, a static closed spherical universe homogeneously filled with dust matter and with a cosmological constant. The Minkowski-Minkowski static open universe resembles the Friedmann static universe, a static open hyperbolic universe homogeneously filled with negative energy density dust and with a negative cosmological, a universe with two disjoint branes that can be considered a failed wormhole. In this light, the Einstein and Friedmann universes are also two sides of the same concept. A linear stability analysis for all these spacetimes is performed. The complementarity between bubble universes and traversable wormholes, that exists for these static spacetimes, can be can carried out for dynamical spacetimes, indicating that such a complementarity is general. The study suggests that bubble universes and traversable wormholes can be seen as coming out of the same concept, and thus, if ones exist the others should also exist.
