论文标题
关于DP颜色函数的多项式表示:theta图及其概括
On Polynomial Representations of the DP Color Function: Theta Graphs and Their Generalizations
论文作者
论文摘要
DP彩色(也称为通讯着色)是列表着色的概括,近年来Dvo晚和邮递在2015年引入其近年。作为色度多项式$ P(g,m)$的类似物,图形$ G $的DP颜色函数,$ g $,表示$ p_ $ p_ {dp {dp {dp} $ collible dp cormiends $ commien d. d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d dp simim d. $ m $ - 折盖。众所周知,与列表颜色函数$ p _ {\ ell}(g,m)$不同,对于任何$ g \ geq 3 $,都有一个graph $ g $,带有girth $ g $,使得$ p_ {dp}(g,m)<p(g,m)<p(g,m)$ n时$ M $足够大。 Thus, two fundamental open questions regarding the DP color function are: (i) for which $G$ does there exist an $N \in \mathbb{N}$ such that $P_{DP}(G,m) = P(G,m)$ whenever $m \geq N$, (ii) Given a graph $G$ does there always exist an $N \in \mathbb{N}$ and a polynomial $ p(m)$使$ p_ {dp}(g,m)= p(m)$,每当$ m \ geq n $? 在本文中,我们根据其路径长度的奇偶校验提供了Theta图的DP颜色函数的精确公式。这给出了一个明确的答案,其中包括对多项式的多项式的公式,用于上述theta图的两个问题。我们通过表征确保DP颜色函数最终等于色多项式的确切奇偶校验条件来将此结果扩展到广义的theta图。为了回答广义theta图的第二个问题,我们为具有一个大小的反馈顶点集的较大类图形确认。
DP-coloring (also called correspondence coloring) is a generalization of list coloring that has been widely studied in recent years after its introduction by Dvořák and Postle in 2015. As the analogue of the chromatic polynomial $P(G,m)$, the DP color function of a graph $G$, denoted $P_{DP}(G,m)$, counts the minimum number of DP-colorings over all possible $m$-fold covers. It is known that, unlike the list color function $P_{\ell}(G,m)$, for any $g \geq 3$ there exists a graph $G$ with girth $g$ such that $P_{DP}(G,m) < P(G,m)$ when $m$ is sufficiently large. Thus, two fundamental open questions regarding the DP color function are: (i) for which $G$ does there exist an $N \in \mathbb{N}$ such that $P_{DP}(G,m) = P(G,m)$ whenever $m \geq N$, (ii) Given a graph $G$ does there always exist an $N \in \mathbb{N}$ and a polynomial $p(m)$ such that $P_{DP}(G,m) = p(m)$ whenever $m \geq N$? In this paper we give exact formulas for the DP color function of a Theta graph based on the parity of its path lengths. This gives an explicit answer, including the formulas for the polynomials that are not the chromatic polynomial, to both the questions above for Theta graphs. We extend this result to Generalized Theta graphs by characterizing the exact parity condition that ensures the DP color function eventually equals the chromatic polynomial. To answer the second question for Generalized Theta graphs, we confirm it for the larger class of graphs with a feedback vertex set of size one.