论文标题
第一个星系中中间质量黑洞的诞生的辐射流体动力学模拟
Radiation Hydrodynamical Simulations of the Birth of Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in the First Galaxies
论文作者
论文摘要
The leading contenders for the seeds of $z > 6$ quasars are direct-collapse black holes (DCBHs) forming in atomically-cooled halos at $z \sim$ 20. However, the Lyman-Werner (LW) UV background required to form DCBHs of 10$^5$ \Ms\ are extreme, about 10$^4$ J$_{21}$, and may have been rare in the early universe.在这里，我们调查了中间质量黑洞（IMBH）在中等LW背景下的100和500 j $ _ {21} $的形成，在早期更常见。这些背景允许Halos生长到几个10 $^6 $ -10 $^7 $ \ ms \，并且在倒塌之前的病毒温度接近10 $^4 $ K，但不会完全对它们进行H $ _2 $的灭菌。然后，气体崩溃是通过Ly $α$和快速h $ _2 $进行的，其速度为10-50倍的POP III星形光环的速度10-50倍，但少于纯原子冷却的光环的速率。以这种速率积聚的流行III星成为蓝色和热，我们发现它们的电离紫外线辐射将其最终质量限制为1800-2800 \ ms \，随后它们后来崩溃到IMBHS。因此，中等的LW背景产生的IMBH比早期宇宙中的DCBH数量要大得多。
The leading contenders for the seeds of $z > 6$ quasars are direct-collapse black holes (DCBHs) forming in atomically-cooled halos at $z \sim$ 20. However, the Lyman-Werner (LW) UV background required to form DCBHs of 10$^5$ \Ms\ are extreme, about 10$^4$ J$_{21}$, and may have been rare in the early universe. Here we investigate the formation of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) under moderate LW backgrounds of 100 and 500 J$_{21}$ that were much more common at early times. These backgrounds allow halos to grow to a few 10$^6$ - 10$^7$ \Ms\ and virial temperatures of nearly 10$^4$ K before collapsing but do not completely sterilize them of H$_2$. Gas collapse then proceeds via Ly$α$ and rapid H$_2$ cooling at rates that are 10 - 50 times those in normal Pop III star-forming haloes but less than those in purely atomically-cooled haloes. Pop III stars accreting at such rates become blue and hot, and we find that their ionizing UV radiation limits their final masses to 1800 - 2800 \Ms\, at which they later collapse to IMBHs. Moderate LW backgrounds thus produced IMBHs in far greater numbers than DCBHs in the early universe.
