论文标题
链接预测的对抗置换指导节点表示
Adversarial Permutation Guided Node Representations for Link Prediction
论文作者
论文摘要
在观察到社交网络的快照后,链接预测(LP)算法确定了节点对,将来新边缘可能会在其中实现。大多数LP算法估计目前不邻近节点对的分数,并按照该分数进行排名。最近的LP系统通过比较节点的致密,低维矢量表示来计算此分数。图形神经网络(GNN),特别是图形卷积网络(GCN)是流行的示例。为了使两个节点进行有意义的比较,它们的嵌入应与重新排序邻居无关。 GNN通常使用简单的对称集合器来确保此属性,但是该设计决策已显示出具有有限表达能力的表示形式。序列编码器更具表现力,但按设计敏感。克服这一难题的最新努力对LP任务而言并不令人满意。作为响应,我们提出了Permgnn,该Permgnn使用反复的,对订单敏感的聚合器聚集了邻居特征,并在邻居排列的对抗性发生器“攻击”时直接最大程度地减少LP损失。根据设计,与早期的对称聚合器相比,Permgnn {}具有更具表现力的能力。接下来,我们设计了一个优化框架,将Permgnn的节点嵌入映射到合适的局部敏感性哈希,这加快了报告LP任务的顶部$ K $。我们对各种数据集的实验表明,\我们的表现优于几个最先进的链接预测指标,并且可以快速预测最可能的边缘。
After observing a snapshot of a social network, a link prediction (LP) algorithm identifies node pairs between which new edges will likely materialize in future. Most LP algorithms estimate a score for currently non-neighboring node pairs, and rank them by this score. Recent LP systems compute this score by comparing dense, low dimensional vector representations of nodes. Graph neural networks (GNNs), in particular graph convolutional networks (GCNs), are popular examples. For two nodes to be meaningfully compared, their embeddings should be indifferent to reordering of their neighbors. GNNs typically use simple, symmetric set aggregators to ensure this property, but this design decision has been shown to produce representations with limited expressive power. Sequence encoders are more expressive, but are permutation sensitive by design. Recent efforts to overcome this dilemma turn out to be unsatisfactory for LP tasks. In response, we propose PermGNN, which aggregates neighbor features using a recurrent, order-sensitive aggregator and directly minimizes an LP loss while it is `attacked' by adversarial generator of neighbor permutations. By design, PermGNN{} has more expressive power compared to earlier symmetric aggregators. Next, we devise an optimization framework to map PermGNN's node embeddings to a suitable locality-sensitive hash, which speeds up reporting the top-$K$ most likely edges for the LP task. Our experiments on diverse datasets show that \our outperforms several state-of-the-art link predictors by a significant margin, and can predict the most likely edges fast.