论文标题
重离子，实验概述
Heavy Ions, Experimental Overview
论文作者
论文摘要
本文概述了超浮动能量下重离子碰撞实验测量的最新亮点：电动探针的测量限制了初始碰撞几何形状和核部分分布函数。软颗粒产生的结果表明，从乳尖到乳房的光氟黑龙的丰度和$^4 $可以通过通用温度来描述，并且这些都参与了系统的集体运动。这些效果也有一些迹象，在小型系统中，将来将进一步研究以了解潜在的机制。对硬质量和喷气机等硬探针的研究表明，Parton的能量损失在重离子碰撞中起着重要作用。 J/$ψ$梅森的差异测量阐明了其生产机制，即\ \再生，并给出了LHC充分能量的PB-PB碰撞碰撞的证据。 LHC上的大数据样本可研究稀有探针，例如$χ_ {\ rm C1} $（3872）和TOP-andi-top Pop生产。此外，抗核横截面的测量可以为暗物质搜索提供输入。
This article gives an overview of recent highlights from experimental measurements of heavy-ion collisions at ultra-relativistic energies: Measurements of electroweak probes constrain both the initial collision geometry and the nuclear parton distribution functions. Results from soft particle production show that the abundance of light-flavour hadrons from pions up to hypertriton and $^4$He can be described by a universal temperature and that these participate in the collective motion of the system. There are hints of these effects also in small systems, which will be further investigated in future to understand the underlying mechanisms. Studies of hard probes, such as heavy quarks and jets show that parton energy loss plays an important role in heavy-ion collisions. Differential measurements of J/$ψ$ mesons elucidate their production mechanism, i.e.\ regeneration, and give evidence for deconfinement in Pb--Pb collisions at LHC full energy. The large data samples at the LHC enable studies of rare probes such as $χ_{\rm c1}$(3872) and top--anti-top production. Further, measurements of antinuclei cross sections can provide input for dark matter searches.
