论文标题
全固态超薄光学系统
Dielectric nonlocal metasurfaces for fully solid-state ultra-thin optical systems
论文作者
论文摘要
大多数光学系统都涉及由自由空间区域隔开的镜头组合,在该区域中,光获得了某个功能所需的角度依赖相位延迟。最近,已经提出了扁平镜结构来压缩这些大型自由空间,并将整体光学系统微型化。但是,这些早期的设计只能替换有限长度的自由空间量,或者在非常狭窄的角范围内运行,或者需要高索引背景。这些问题引发了有关这些设备在实际情况下的适用性的问题。在这里,我们首先在压缩空间的长度和操作角范围之间取得了基本的权衡,这解释了早期设计的一些局限性,然后我们提出了一种解决方案,以使用由合适偶联的谐振层组成的非局部跨表面结构放松这种权衡。该策略受到基于谐振器的带通滤波器的启发,允许在宽角度范围内替换任意长度的自由空间量,并且具有很高的透射率。最后,从理论上讲,我们首次证明了将局部和非局部跨额相结合的潜力,以实现紧凑的,完全固体的,平面,平面结构,用于聚焦,成像和放大倍率,在这些结构中,镜头的焦距(从而使其放大力量)并不能够实现焦点的实际距离。我们的发现有望扩大元信息领域的范围,并开放了新的未开发机会。
Most optical systems involve a combination of lenses separated by free-space regions where light acquires the required angle-dependent phase delay for a certain functionality. Very recently, flat-optics structures have been proposed to compress these large free-space volumes and miniaturize the overall optical system. However, these early designs can only replace free-space volumes of limited length, or operate in a very narrow angular range, or require a high-index background. These issues raise questions about the applicability of these devices in practical scenarios. Here, we first derive a fundamental trade-off between the length of compressed free space and the operating angular range, which explains some of the limitations of earlier designs, and we then propose a solution to relax this trade-off using nonlocal metasurface structures composed of suitably coupled resonant layers. This strategy, inspired by coupled-resonator-based band-pass filters, allows replacing free-space volumes of arbitrary length over wide angular ranges, and with very high transmittance. Finally, we theoretically demonstrate, for the first time, the potential of combining local and nonlocal metasurfaces to realize compact, fully solid-state, planar structures for focusing, imaging, and magnification, in which the focal length of the lens (and hence its magnifying power) does not dictate the actual distance at which focusing is achieved. Our findings are expected to extend the reach of the field of metasurfaces and open new unexplored opportunities.