论文标题
COVID-19的经济政策对美国消费者支出和人流量的影响
COVID-19 Economic Policy Effects on Consumer Spending and Foot Traffic in the U.S
论文作者
论文摘要
为了应对19日大流行期间的经济挑战，美国政府采取了各种减轻经济损失的措施。从发行刺激检查到重新开放企业，消费者必须不断改变其行为，以应对政府政策。使用匿名卡交易和基于移动设备的位置跟踪数据，我们分析了导致这些行为变化的因素，重点是刺激检查发行和全州范围的重新开放。我们的发现表明，刺激支付在增加支出方面具有重要的直接影响，但通常不会扭转下降趋势。全州重新开放对支出的影响很小。刺激检查发行后，人流量逐渐增加，但仅在重新开放后仅略有增加，这也恰逢其时或在美国进行了几次政策变更和混淆事件（例如抗议）。我们还发现美国不同地区对这些政策的反应有所不同。我们的结果可用于为未来的经济复苏政策及其潜在的消费者响应提供信息。
To battle with economic challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, the US government implemented various measures to mitigate economic loss. From issuance of stimulus checks to reopening businesses, consumers had to constantly alter their behavior in response to government policies. Using anonymized card transactions and mobile device-based location tracking data, we analyze the factors that contribute to these behavior changes, focusing on stimulus check issuance and state-wide reopening. Our finding suggests that stimulus payment has a significant immediate effect of boosting spending, but it typically does not reverse a downward trend. State-wide reopening had a small effect on spending. Foot traffic increased gradually after stimulus check issuance, but only increased slightly after reopening, which also coincided or preceded several policy changes and confounding events (e.g., protests) in the US. We also find differences in the reaction to these policies in different regions in the US. Our results may be used to inform future economic recovery policies and their potential consumer response.
