论文标题
热相对主义气体子系统中能量的量子波动
Quantum fluctuations of energy in subsystems of a hot relativistic gas
论文作者
论文摘要
我们得出了一个公式，该公式定义了热相对论气体子系统中能量的量子波动。对于小子系统的大小，我们发现与从标准热力学考虑因素相比已知的波动大幅增加。但是，如果子系统的大小足够大，我们将重现规范合奏中能量波动的结果。随后，我们的结果在相对论重的离子碰撞背景下使用，以引入诸如经典能量密度或流体元素之类的概念的局限性。以直接的方式，我们的公式可以应用于其他物理领域，无论在任何地方都涉及热和相对论问题。
We derive a formula that defines quantum fluctuations of energy in subsystems of a hot relativistic gas. For small subsystem sizes we find substantial increase of fluctuations compared to those known from standard thermodynamic considerations. However, if the size of the subsystem is sufficiently large, we reproduce the result for energy fluctuations in the canonical ensemble. Our results are subsequently used in the context of relativistic heavy-ion collisions to introduce limitations of the concepts such as classical energy density or fluid element. In the straightforward way, our formula can be applied in other fields of physics, wherever one deals with hot and relativistic matter.
