论文标题

在混合装运合并政策下的入站补充和出站调度决策:分析模型和比较

Inbound Replenishment and Outbound Dispatch Decisions under Hybrid Shipment Consolidation Policies: An Analytical Model and Comparison

论文作者

Wei, Bo, Cetinkaya, Sila, Cline, Daren B. H.

论文摘要

我们考虑一个分销仓库,即入站清单补货和出站调度决定都受到固定(以及每个单位)的运输费用,并且需求是随机的。为了实现与出站和入站方面的运输运营相关的规模经济,随着时间的推移,调度时间表必须与库存补充决策同步。出站方面的立即交付政策没有经济意义,因为出站派遣运营和成本将受益于临时装运合并政策。与基于时间和数量的对应物相比,我们对这种环境的特别兴趣是混合运输合并政策的确切建模和分析。由于货物合并延长了客户的等待和库存持有,因此我们调查每个订单的平均延迟罚款,平均每个时间单元作为分销操作绩效的关键度量以及年成本。通过修复预期的入站补货和出站调度频率,我们将这些措施在混合,基于时间和数量的策略下的替代操作方式中进行比较。然后,这种比较将自己的平均成本进行明确的分析比较,而无需解决相应的优化问题。

We consider a distribution warehouse where both the inbound inventory replenishment and outbound dispatch decisions are subject to fixed (as well as per-unit) transportation charges and demand is stochastic. In order to realize scale economies associated with transportation operations both on the outbound and inbound sides, dispatch schedules must be synchronized over time with inventory replenishment decisions. An immediate delivery policy on the outbound side does not make economic sense because outbound dispatch operations and costs will benefit from a temporal shipment consolidation policy. Our particular interest in this setting is the exact modeling and analysis of hybrid shipment consolidation policies, in comparison to the time- and quantity-based counterparts. Since shipment consolidation prolongs customer waiting and inventory holding, we investigate average delay penalty per order and average inventory per time unit as critical measures of performance of the distribution operation, along with the annual cost. By fixing the expected inbound replenishment and outbound dispatch frequencies, we compare these measures among the alternative ways of operation under hybrid, time-based, and quantity-based policies. This comparison then lends itself to an explicit analytical comparison of average costs under these three policies, without a need for solving the corresponding optimization problems.

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