论文标题
黑洞和2020年诺贝尔物理奖
Black Holes and the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics
论文作者
论文摘要
2020年诺贝尔物理学奖对黑洞进行了两个研究项目，这是一般相对论最引人注目的预测之一。该奖项分为两个部分。上半场被授予罗杰·彭罗斯（Roger Penrose），以表彰他的奇异定理，这些定理保证了自从一般相对论研究的早期阶段以来，黑洞就被数学上发现了，这并不是高度超对象，好奇的引力构型，而是理论的强大预测。下半场被授予安德里亚·盖兹（Andrea Ghez）和莱因哈德·甘泽尔（Reinhard Genzel），后者领导了两个独立的团体，对我们银河系中心进行了复杂的观察，这表明其中是一个超级质量的黑洞。在本说明中，简要描述了一般相对论理论的主要思想以及黑洞的主要特征。描述了上述诺贝尔奖中授予的两部作品。
The 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics distinguished two research projects on black holes, which are one of the most striking predictions of General Relativity. The prize was divided in two parts. The first half was awarded to Roger Penrose in recognition of his singularity theorems that guarantee that black holes, which were mathematically found since an early stage of the study of General Relativity, are not mere highly-symmetric, curious gravitational configurations, but robust predictions of the theory. The second half was awarded to Andrea Ghez and Reinhard Genzel who led two independent groups that carried out sophisticated observations of the center of our galaxy, which suggest that therein is a supermassive black hole. In this note, the main ideas of the theory of general relativity are briefly described, as well as the main features of black holes. The two works awarded in the aforementioned Nobel prize are described.
