论文标题
从1981 - 2020年开始的缩回模式：欺诈会导致另一个欺诈吗？
Patterns of retractions from 1981-2020 : Does a fraud lead to another fraud?
论文作者
论文摘要
不当行为解释了大多数缩回的科学出版物，该数据库揭示了科学的令人不安的趋势。该研究的目的是找到作者合作，缩回论文的数量，缩回引用的数量，期刊影响因素和研究领域之间的关联。我们介绍了Web of Science（WOS）索引的12231个研究论文的详细分析，为1981 - 2020年的缩回出版物。该研究表明，缩回出版物的协作模式，其中有61.5％的作者只有一个，而24.6％的作者有两份缩回的论文。但是，有2％的作者有10多篇缩回的论文。为了研究引用缩回论文的影响，我们用引用研究了缩回的论文。该研究表明，至少一次提到了55.2％的缩回论文，其中有25.4％的论文是这样的论文，其中至少有一篇引文被证明是撤回。这显示了科学不当行为或欺诈对新研究的影响。缩回的数量与期刊的影响因子无关，并且与高影响力论文相比，低影响纸吸引了更多的引用。我们还研究了在较高和较低的影响因子期刊上发表的缩回论文收到的引用。 1/4的论文是缩回引用的引用，引用了缩回的论文；但是，较高的影响或引用的较高影响期刊之间没有显着的关系。最后，研究了不同研究领域的平均团队规模和平均缩回引用方式。这项研究提供了一个见解，即欺诈如何导致科学界的另一个欺诈行为。同样，缩回论文引用的趋势不断上升，这是一个严重的问题。
Misconduct accounts for the majority of retracted scientific publications and this database reveals the disturbing trend in science~\citep{fang2012misconduct, brainard2018massive}. The objective of the study is to find the association among the authors' collaboration, the number of retracted papers, the number of retracted citations, journal impact factor, and research areas. We present a detailed analysis of 12231 research papers indexed by Web of Science (WoS) as retracted publications from 1981-2020. The study demonstrates the collaboration patterns of retracted publications where 61.5% of authors have only one and 24.6% have two retracted papers; however, 2% of authors have more than 10 retracted papers. To study the impact of citing retracted papers, we investigated the retracted papers with citations. The study reveals that 55.2% of retracted papers have been cited at least once, where 25.4% of papers are such papers where at least one citation turned out to be a retraction. This shows the impact of scientific misconduct or fraud on new research. The number of retractions is independent of the journal impact factor and as compared to high impact papers, low impact papers are attracting more citations. We also investigate the citations received by retracted papers published in higher as well as lower impact factor journals. 1/4th of the papers are retracted citations that cited the retracted papers; however, there is no significant relationship exists between the higher impact or lower impact journals with retractions or citations. Finally, how the average team size and average retracted citations vary among different research areas are studied. The study provides an insight that how a fraud leads to another fraud in the scientific world. Also, the rising trend of citations of retracted papers is a serious concern.
