论文标题
元素的起源以及重力波检测对核物理的含义
The origin of the elements and other implications of gravitational wave detection for nuclear physics
论文作者
论文摘要
事件GW170817揭示的中子巨星碰撞使我们对大多数沉重元素的出生场所进行了首次了解。这个历史事件的多理智性质结合了重力波，``基洛诺瓦''的伽马射线爆发和光学天文学，在经过60年的推测后，引起了快速中子捕获（R过程）核合成的第一个观察。对R过程进行建模需要大量的核体物质成分：几乎所有量子状态和几乎所有富含中子的核素的量子状态和相互作用特性，其中许多可能永远不会在实验室中产生！核物理学对中子恒星（及其最终结合）的另一个基本贡献是定义其结构和组成的状态方程（EOS）。 EOS与核结合能的知识结合在一起，决定了中子恒星外壳的元素谱以及其半径和质量之间的关系。另外，EOS确定了重力波信号的形式。本文结合了教程的演示文稿和书目与最新的结果，该结果将核质谱与通过中子星的重力波联系起来。
The neutron-star collision revealed by the event GW170817 gave us a first glimpse of a possible birthplace of most of our heavy elements. The multi-messenger nature of this historical event combined gravitational waves, a gamma-ray burst and optical astronomy of a ``kilonova'', bringing the first observations of rapid neutron capture (r process) nucleosynthesis after 60 years of speculation. Modeling the r process requires a prodigious amount of nuclear-physics ingredients: practically all the quantum state and interaction properties of virtually all neutron-rich nuclides, many of which may never be produced in the laboratory! Another essential contribution of nuclear physics to neutron stars (and their eventual coalescence) is the equation of state (EoS) that defines their structure and composition. The EoS, combined with the knowledge of nuclear binding energies, determines the elemental profile of the outer crust of a neutron star and the relationship between its radius and mass. In addition, the EoS determines the form of the gravitational wave signal. This article combines a tutorial presentation and bibliography with recent results that link nuclear mass spectrometry to gravitational waves via neutron stars.
