论文标题
来自南部美索不达米亚的早期杂种表，或表面定量的多个方面
Early-Dynastic tables from Southern Mesopotamia, or the multiple facets of the quantification of surfaces
论文作者
论文摘要
在美索不达米亚的性别明显位置符号发明之前，如何评估表面？本章研究了一组五个片剂，其中包含桌子的表面和矩形的表面，可追溯到早期的王朝时期（公元前2600 - 2350年），在美索不达米亚南部发掘出来。为了捕获古代抄写员用来量化表面的方法，特别注意表的布局和组织以及对测量值的写入方式。有人认为，这些方法会根据相关的正方形或矩形的尺寸而变化：小表面的量化不使用与大型土地大块的量化相同的数学工具。本章显示了古代抄写员采用的计量系统与它们实施的表面计算方法之间的相互影响。某些方法可能反映了古老的土地监管实践，而另一些方法可能证明了应用于大小的各种表面的新数学概念的出现。最终，从检查这些表的检查中出现了表面概念的几种不同的概念。
How were surfaces evaluated before the invention of the sexagesimal place value notation in Mesopotamia? This chapter examines a group of five tablets containing tables for surfaces of squares and rectangles dated to the Early Dynastic period (ca. 2600-2350 BCE) and unearthed in southern Mesopotamia. In order to capture the methods used by ancient scribes to quantify surfaces, special attention is paid to the layout and organization of the tables, as well as to the way in which measurement values are written down. It is argued that these methods vary according to the dimensions of the squares or rectangles concerned: the quantification of small surfaces does not use the same mathematical tools as the quantification of large parcels of land. The chapter shows a reciprocal influence between the metrological systems adopted by the ancient scribes and the methods of calculation of surface they implemented. Some methods may reflect ancient land-surveying practices, and others may testify the emergence of new mathematical concepts applied to all kinds of surfaces, large or small. Ultimately, several different conceptualizations of the notion of surface emerge from the examination of these tables.
