论文标题
180 $^\ circ $域墙的本地硬和软钉在batio $ _3 $由原位传输电子显微镜探测
Local hard and soft pinning of 180$^\circ$ domain walls in BaTiO$_3$ probed by in situ transmission electron microscopy
论文作者
论文摘要
我们报告了Batio $ _3 $中180度纳米域壁的电场响应，该响应使用了透射电子显微镜（TEM）中的原位电气偏置。样品在设计用于可靠测试的微设备上有偏差，其关键属性通过有限元计算确认。在室温下存在弱带电的锯齿形域壁的存在归因于设备的几何限制。在应用电场下的域壁的运动允许提取局部P-E环，其中分别观察到在深层和随机的能量电势轮廓中固定的区域壁，分别观察到硬和软铁电的特征。硬域壁固定会导致“硬”铁电的典型不对称环，而软域壁钉在瑞利样行为之后。所有效果均以局部和直接从成像的域结构进行测量。
We report on the electric field response of 180 degree nanodomain walls in BaTiO$_3$ using in situ electrical biasing in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The sample is biased on a micro-device designed for reliable testing whose key attributes are confirmed by finite element calculations. The presence of weakly charged zig-zag domain walls at room temperature is attributed to the geometric confinement of the device. The motion of the domain walls under the applied electric field allows to extract local P-E loops where distinct domain wall pinning in deep and random energy potential profiles, characteristic for hard and soft ferroelectrics, respectively, are observed. Hard domain wall pinning results in asymmetrical loops typical for "hard" ferroelectrics while the soft domain wall pinning follows Rayleigh-like behaviour. All effects are measured locally and directly from the imaged domain structure.
