论文标题
城市MMWave网络的基站和被动反射器位置
Base Station and Passive Reflectors Placement for Urban mmWave Networks
论文作者
论文摘要
在5G网络中使用毫米波(MMWAVE)频段为网络计划带来了一系列新的挑战。在MMWave频率处遇到阻塞和高路径损失的脆弱性需要仔细的网络计划,以达到所需的服务质量。在本文中,我们提出了一个基于3D几何的新型框架,用于通过考虑一阶反射效应在城市环境中部署MMWave基站(GNB)。我们还提供了一个解决方案,以最佳部署被动金属反射器(PMR),以将无线电覆盖范围扩展到非线视线(NLOS)区域。特别是,我们执行可见性分析以找到直接和间接的可见性区域,并使用这些区域来得出一个几何和阻滞剂辅助路径损耗模型。然后,我们将网络计划问题提出为两个独立的优化问题,即GNB和PMR的放置,以最大程度地利用服务质量的限制和最低成本来最大化覆盖范围。我们使用通用图测试我们提出的方法的功效,并将模拟结果与射线追踪解决方案进行比较。我们的仿真结果表明,在规划MMWave网络时考虑一阶反射有助于减少覆盖NLOS区域所需的PMR数量,而使用PMR的GNB放置则需要更少的GNB来覆盖同一区域,从而降低了部署成本。
The use of millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands in 5G networks introduce a new set of challenges to network planning. Vulnerability to blockages and high path loss at mmWave frequencies require careful planning of the network to achieve the desired service quality. In this paper, we propose a novel 3D geometry-based framework for deploying mmWave base stations (gNBs) in urban environments by considering first-order reflection effects. We also provide a solution for the optimum deployment of passive metallic reflectors (PMRs) to extend radio coverage to non-line-of-sight (NLoS) areas. In particular, we perform visibility analysis to find the direct and indirect visibility regions, and using these, we derive a geometry-and-blockage-aided path loss model. We then formulate the network planning problem as two independent optimization problems, placement of gNB(s) and PMRs, to maximize the coverage area with a certain quality-of-service constraint and minimum cost. We test the efficacy of our proposed approach using a generic map and compare our simulation results with the ray-tracing solution. Our simulation results show that considering the first-order reflections in planning the mmWave network helps reduce the number of PMRs required to cover the NLoS area and the gNB placement aided with PMRs requires fewer gNBs to cover the same area, which in turn reduces the deployment cost.